88 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



and is no decided improvement upon those of Plantamour, 

 Bauernfeind, and Ruhlmann. 



As a perfect specimen of what a hand-book should be 

 we recommend Dr. Paul Schreiber's "Handbuch der barome- 

 trischen Hohen-Messungen" (Weimar, 1877). The discussion 

 of instruments and errors, formulae and methods, leaves noth- 

 ing more to be desired, as was to be expected from one who 

 lias had so much experience and is so high an authority. 



AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY. 



The subject of forest-culture and the attending study of 

 climate has of late years received increased attention. To 

 the national bureaus of Switzerland and Bavaria we have 

 now to add Prussia; this latter is under the direction of Dr. 

 A. Muttrich, of the College of Forestry at Neustadt-Ebers- 

 walde; thirteen stations are occupied under him, and the an- 

 nual reports for 1875 and 1876 have appeared during 1877. 



Dr. F. B. Hough, formerly meteorologist to the State of 

 New York, has about completed an extensive report to the 

 United States Senate on Forestry ; it is hoped that our gov- 

 ernment will give this subject special attention. 



The influence of pine forests upon rainfall and atmospheric 

 moisture has been investigated by Fautrat, who concludes 

 that the pines have, even more than the leaf-bearing trees, 

 the property of condensing the aqueous vapor ; the atmos- 

 phere is also moister and the evaporation far less. 



Fautrat has also studied the climatological influences of 

 leafy and resinous woods. He finds that above the pines 

 the maximum temperatures are higher and the minimum 

 lower than outside of the forest, but in leafy forests the 

 radiation of heat is counteracted by other phenomena pro- 

 ducing heat. Within forests, especially of resinous woods, 

 there is less ozone than in open ground. 



A contribution to the relation between meteorology and 

 agriculture is made by Professor Wolling, of the Agricultural 

 Experimental School at Munich, in his "Investigation into 

 the Temperature and Evaporation in Different Kinds of Soil." 



CLIMATE AND HYGIENE. 



The connection between climate and disease is treated of 

 by Dr. J. Schreiber in a characteristically clear and interest- 



