326 ANNUAL RECORD OE SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



tivc Xotes on a Few of Hildebrandt's East African Plants," 

 by J. G. Baker and S. Le M. Moore ; and " New Palms Collect- 

 ed in the Valley of the Amazon in North Brazil in 1874," by 

 J. W. II. Trail. The Jjotanische Zeitung contains an article 

 by Dr. Robert Caspary, in which he describes a new species 

 of JWi/mphcea, JV. Zanzibar ensis, and gives a synopsis of the 

 species of the genus found in tropical Africa. In the same 

 journal a new "Classification of Palms," on the somewhat 

 novel basis of geographical distribution is given by Drude. 

 A third part of the "Prodromus Flora? Hispanicse," by AVil- 

 komni and Joann, lias appeared ; and Beccari has published, 

 at Genoa, observations on some of the plants collected by 

 him in the Malay islands. 



Vegetable Anatomy and Physiology. 



Several important contributions have appeared during the 

 year on this subject. First, in importance as well as size, 

 is the "Comparative Anatomy of the Organs of Vegetation 

 of Phaenogams and Ferns," by Professor De Bary, of Stras- 

 burg. The work consists of over six hundred pages, with a 

 large number of wood-cuts, and is the most elaborate treat- 

 ise on the subject since the days of Von Mohl. This vol- 

 ume is the third of the series entitled "Manual of Physiologi- 

 cal Botany," published by Hofmeister in connection with 

 De Bary and Sachs. Owing to the death of Hofmeister and 

 other causes, it is announced that the work will not be car- 

 ried further. The Botanical Laboratory of Wurzburg has 

 shown great activity, and several interesting papers have 

 been published by Professor Sachs and his pupils. The 

 most important article of this series is an essay on the "Ar- 

 rangement of the Cells in the Youngest Parts of Plants." 

 The paper is accompanied by diagrams, the object of which 

 is to show that, whether the terminal growth takes place 

 by means of what is generally known as a Scheitelzelle, a 

 single terminal cell, or bv a membrane, the cells are so ar- 

 ranged that a series of curves can be drawn through them 

 in such a way as to have a common focal point, and to bear 

 a definite relation to certain hypothetical axes. In those 

 cases where the growth is bv a single terminal cell, Sachs 

 thinks that the growth is not highly developed, but the con- 

 trary. Sachs has also a paper on the porosity of wood, in 



