

374 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



and the stock of bone-black 82250. The current annual ex- 

 penses, including labor, materials, and incidentals, reckoning 

 beets at 84 per ton, and interest on capital at V per cent., 

 would be some $82,004. The returns for sugar, press- 

 cake, molasses, and residues for fertilizers, reckoning sugar 

 to yield S per cent, of weight of beets, and to bring 8j cents 

 per pound, and press-cake at 84 per ton, would be 8107,233, 

 leaving a profit of 824,509. This Mr. Humphrey considers 

 high for probable expenses and low for returns. 



NUTRITION OF ANIMALS. STOCK-FEEDING. 



The experimental investigations in this direction are in- 

 creasing in number, range, scientific accuracy, and practical 

 value. Nearly all of the most useful work of the past year 

 lias been done in the German experiment stations. Little 

 that is absolutely new in principle has been discovered, but 

 much has been done to establish, amplify, and make capable 

 of wider application in practice the principles already pro- 

 pounded. 



Sources of the Fat of the Animal Body. 



It is common to see the albuminoids of foods classed as 

 " flesh - formers," and the carbohydrates as " fat -formers." 

 This is in accordance with the theory of Liebig, that, aside 

 from the fats of the food, the carbohydrates sugar, starch, etc., 

 are the main source of the fats of the body and the milk. 

 But of late many physiologists notably Yoit have main- 

 tained that animals get their fat from the albuminoids, and 

 not from the carbohydrates of their food. It is well settled 

 that the albuminoids can and do by their decomposition 

 supply a good deal of fat for storing in the body and mak- 

 ing milk. Whether the carbohydrates do the same is still 

 an open question. Professor Wolff, in his lately published 

 "Ernahrung der Landwirthschaftlichen Nutzthiere " (Nutri- 

 tion of Animals Useful in Agriculture), gives a very compre- 

 hensive summary of the latest experimental evidence upon 

 the subject, from which he concludes that carnivora cannot, 

 herbivora may, and swine probably do, produce fat from the 

 carbohydrates of the food. Professor Ilenneberg, at the meet- 

 ing of German naturalists and physicians at Hamburg in 1870, 



