TYPE 14. GRAINS COMPOUND, OF FEW COMPONENTS OF EQUAL SIZE. 257 



Crocus sativus All. (Iridacecc.) Dry bulbs. Compound grains, of 2 to 8 and 10 usually equal com- 

 ponents, which are regularly arranged. Size aliout 38yu. Separated-gi'ains, size 2 to 18/i, 

 the larger ones have a small cavity, instead of a hilum, from which long, delicate fissures 

 radiate toward the edges. 



Anigosanthus ritfa Lahil. (HwmodoracecB.) Drij root-stocks. Compound grains, of 2 to 4 and 6 

 usually equal components. Size about 18;u. Separated-grains of 3 to 10//; frequently with a 

 small cavity. 



Billbcrgia amcena Lindl. (Bronieliaceas.) Dry root-stocks. Compound grains of 2 to 4 usually equal, 

 sometimes unequal, components. Separated-grains, size 5 to I5fi; instead of a hilum a small 

 cavity is observed from which short, distinct fissures radiate; in the larger oval separated-grains 

 the hilum is about one-third eccentric. Some simple eccentric-conical grains arc also found. 



Maranta iiidica Rose. (Cannacem). West India arrowroot. According to Schleiden (Grundzuge, 3 

 Aufl., I, p. 185, fig. 13), the compound grains consist of 2 to 4 almost equal components. 

 He also finds similar grains in other species of Maranta, and Miinter (Bot. Zeit., 1845, p. 

 203) records the same for Maranta bicolor Ker. {Calathea bicolor Steud.). According to 

 Walpers (Bot. Zeit., 1851, p. 334), the grains of Maranta indica are either oval, drum-shaped, 

 drum-shaped with inclined sides, or almost pear-shaped, as well as with 2 to 3 glandular- 

 connate divisions. These grains, Nageli states, should not be confused with those of any other 

 kind of arrowroot, as they must surely come from a plant different from those described by 

 Schleiden and Miinter. 



Sparganium ramosum Huds. (Typhacew.) Dry root-stock. Grains consisting of 2 to 6 and 12 usually 

 equal components. Size about 17/j. Separated-grains usually with a small cavity; one-third 

 eccentric in some oval forms. Size 3 to lO/x. Also isolated simple, oval grains, hilum about 

 one-fourth eccentric, are found. Size about 13/i. 



Aponogeton. (Alismacew.) Tubers. According to Schleiden (Grundzuge, 3 Aufl., i, p. 185) the com- 

 pound grains consist of 2 to 4 almost equal-size components. 



Parietaria diffusa Mert and Koch. (Urticaceoe.) Dry root-stocks. Grains consisting of 2 to 4 almost 

 equal components. Size of the separated-grains 3 to 6^- Some simple grains, of undeveloped 

 structure, are also found. 



Rheum undulatum Linn. (Polygonacece.) Fresh root. Compound grains rounded or angular with 

 rounded regular or irregular angles; 2 to 8 equal or unequal components which are often 

 irregidarly arranged. Size about 25/i. Separated-grains obtuse-angled to sharply poly- 

 hedral; lamella? rarely visible, very few (1 to 4), and delicate; hilum usually distinct, central, 

 or slightly eccentric. Size 4 to 20^. Simple spherical grains rare. 



Rheum sp. {Polygonacece.) Rhubarb root. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 5 components. 

 Separated-grains -ivith obtuse or acute angles; lamelhe none; instead of a hilum a small cavity 

 is found which is central or sUghtly eccentric, from which 2 to 5 short radial fissures pass out. 

 Size 3 to 17/n. Some simple, almost round grains are also found. 



Rumex arif alius All. (Polygonacew.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains rounded to elliptical; 2 to 8 

 equal or unequal components which are often regularly arranged. Size about 12/^. Separated- 

 grains 2 to 6m; a small cavity is found in the larger ones. Also simple grains of undeveloped 

 structure. 



Rumex tubo-osus Liim. (Polygonacece.) Dry root-stock and thickened roots. Compound grains con- 

 sisting of 2 to 6, rarely 10, equal or unequal components, sometimes several small components 

 adhere to 1 or 2 larger ones. Size about 26^. Separated-grains ^\^th a small cavity from 

 which single fissures radiate toward the edges; eccentricity about one-half. Size 3 to 14^ 

 and 17/(. Swollen, hollow separated-grains, size 22yu. The grains in the thickened roots are 

 generally somewhat larger than those in the root-stock. 



Boerhavia repens Linn. (Nyctaginacece.) Dry root. Compound grains spherical to oblong and 

 tabular; 2 to 10 and 14 usually equal components, which are regularly arranged. Size about 

 30. Separated-grains usually isodiametric, with a small cavity from which long, delicate 

 fissines radiate toward the comers; eccentricity about one-half. Size 3 to 20,u. 



Cinrmmomum ceylanicum Nees.; Cortex cinnamomi interior. (Lauracece.) Cortex. Compound grains 

 consisting of 2 to 4 almost equal components. Size about 14^. Numerous spherical and 

 angular grains with rounded comers, the former being simple and the latter separated- 

 grains. Size about 9ix. A small central cavity is found in the large grains. 

 17 



