25S DIITERENTIATION AND SPECIFICITY OF STARCHES. 



Aristolochia scrpcntaria Linn. {Arislolochiaccm.) Pith of dry root-stock. Compound Rr.ains sjilicrical 

 or oval-spherical, 2 to 8 usually equal components, arranged regularly in triangles, tetra- 

 hedrons, hexahedrons, or octahedrons. Size about 18^. Separated-grains without lamell, 

 hilum, and fissures. Size 3 to 12^. Simple spherical homogeneous grains are also present. 

 Size about 12//. 

 Aristolochia pistolochia Linn. {Aristolochiacece.) Dry roots. Compoimd grains spherical, rarely 

 elliptical, consisting of 2 to 8 and 12 usually equal components which are regularly arranged. 

 Size about 18yu. Separated-grains 3 to 11/u; the larger ones have a cavity. Some large sep- 

 arated-grains swollen and apparently hollow; and some simple, rounded ones are also ob- 

 served. 

 Valeriana officinalis Linn. {Valerianacem.) Fresh root-stock and roots. Compound grains consist- 

 ing of 2 to 4 equal components which are arranged regularly in triangles or tetrahedrons. 

 Separated-grains sometimes with a distinct central hilum. Size about 8/x. Also simple 

 grains of incomplete formation are observed. 

 Valeriana tvherosa Lirm. (Valerianacece.) Dry root-stock Grains consisting of 2 to 4, rarely 6, almost 

 equal components. Size 22/i. Separated-grains with a large or a small cavity from which 

 fissures radiate toward the corners. Size 4 to 15ju. Also some simple grains M-ith structure 

 undeveloped. 

 Valeriana saliunca All. {V alerianacem.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains sjjherical to oval and 

 elliptical, with unequal sides, consisting of 2 to 6 and 10 equal or somewhat unequal com- 

 ponents. Size about llju. Separated-grains 2 to S/j, the larger ones with a small cavity. 

 Also simple grains with imperfect structure. 

 Succisa 'pratensis Moench. (Dipsacaccce.) Dry root and root-stock. Compound grains spherical to 

 oval and elliptical; consisting of 2 to 10 and 16 components which may be equal, though 

 more frequently unequal. Size about 20/i. Separated-grains have a small or large cavity, 

 from which short, delicate, radial fissures very often pass out, usually almost central, rarely 

 one-half eccentric. Size 2.5 to 10 and 14/j. 

 Vinca minor Linn. (Apocynacece.) Dry root. Grains consisting of 2 to 4 and almost equal, 

 rarely unequal, components. Size about 25^1. Separated-grains somewhat oblique; instead of 

 a hilum usually a small central cavity is observed from which delicate fissures radiate. Size 

 about 12/j. Simple, usually eccentric-conical grains are also found. 

 Swertia perennis Linn. {Gentianacece.) Dry root-stock. Grains consisting of 2 to 4 and G usually 

 almost equal components. Size about 12/j. Separated-grains rarely have a small cavity. 

 Size 3 to 7/i. Simple grains of incomplete formation are also observed. 

 Tcucrium hyrcanicnm Linn. (Lahiataccw.) Fresh unripe pericarp. Grains rountled, usually angular; 

 size about Sfi; majority probably separated-grains. Some compound grains of 2 to 6 com- 

 ponents are also found. 

 Omphalodes verna Moench. {Boraginacem.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains roimded or oval, 

 consisting of 2 to 4 and 6 equal or rarely unequal components. Size about 9yu. Separated- 

 grains have occasionally a small cavity. Size 2 to 5^. Simple grains of incomplete formation 

 are also observed. Starch not very plentiful. 

 Symphytxim tuberosum Linn. (Boraginacece.) Dry root-stock. Grains consisting of 2 to 4 usually 

 equal components. Separated-grains have a small central cavity from which sometimes 

 several short, delicate radial fissures emerge. Size about 12yu. Simple, usually eccentric- 

 conical, grains are also found. 

 Convolvidits soldanclla Linn. (Convolvulacece.) Dry stolons. Compound grains rounded or oval, 

 consisting of 2 to 6 and 8 equal or imequal components. Size about 24/i. Separated-grains, 

 size 3 to 14 and 18/i; instead of the hilum, the larger ones have a small cavity from which 

 fissures radiate towards the corners; oval forms with eccentric hilum, almost one-half, arc 

 rarely present. Simple grains of incomplete formation are also found. 

 Convolvulus lincatus Linn. {Convolvidacece.) Dry root-stock. Starch as in the preceding. Grains 

 usually smaller, consisting of 2 to 10 components. Size about 20/j. Size of the separated- 

 grains 2 to 13ai. Simple grains of imperfect formation are also observed. 

 Convolvulus imperati Vahl.; Batatas liltoralis Chois. {Co^wolvulaceo'.) Dry stolons. Compomid 

 grains rounded or oval; consisting of 2 to 4 and G usually equal components. Size about 2Hix. 



