TYPE 14. GRAINS COMPOUND, OF FEW COMPONENTS OF EQUAL SIZE. 259 



Seixarated-grains with a small cavity from which fissures radiate toward the margin; in the 

 oval forms the eccentricity is one-half. Size 5 to 16/i. Simple grains of incomplete forma- 

 tion are also foimd. 



Batatas edulis Chois. {Convolvulacem.) Tubers. According to Payen (Ann. Sc. Nat., 1838, pi. 6, 

 figs. 15, 17), the compoimd grains consist of 2 to 6 and possil)ly 10 apparently almost equal 

 components. Separated-grains, size about 45^, broadQy-conical, semi-spherical, or poly- 

 hedral, with 1 curved surface, and 1 to 7 pressure facets; lamelliB distinct; hilum about one- 

 fifth to one-sixth eccentric, at the narrow arched end. According to Criiger (Bot. Zeit., 

 1854, taf. II, fig. 4) some of the separated-grains are thickened and club-shaped at the hilum 

 end and thinned at the distal end, whore the pressure facets are located. According to Leon 

 Soubeiran (Journ. Pharm., 1854, xxv, 92), the grains vary from 10 to 20^ and 40 to 50^; 

 the smallest ones are spherical or oval; those of the middle size are almost regularly poly- 

 hedral, and the largest ones oval and elliptical. (Judging from the description, Nageli 

 writes, it is quite possible that some simple forms occur among the compound grains.) 



Nolana prostrala Linn. (Nolanacece.) Dry roo^. -Compound grains of 2 to 8 and 10 almost equal 

 components. Size about IG/x. The separated-graias 3 to ll/(, usually with a central cavity. 

 No simple grains are observed. 



Polemonium reptans Linn. (Polemoniacem.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains of 2 to 8 almost 

 equal, rarely unequal, components. Size about 10m. Size of the separated-grains 2 to 6^. 

 Among these are simple grains of imperfect formation. 



PhysaKs alkekengi Liim. (Solanacew.) Dry stolons. Compound grains rounded or oval, consisting 

 of 2 to 8 and 12 almost equal, rarely unequal, components. Size about 18/i. Separated- 

 grains, size 3 to 9m; the larger ones have a small cavity from which several delicate, short 

 radial fissures rarely emerge, cavity central, rarely (in oval forms) about one-half eccentric. 

 Starch plentiful. Simple grains are not present. Similar grains were found in the roots; 

 the compound grains, however, had nearlj' all fallen apart into separated-grains. Spherical 

 simple forms may perhaps occur in the roots. 



Solanuni nigrum Limi. (Solanacew.) Dry root. Compoimd grains; rounded or oval, consisting of 

 2 to 8 and 12 almost equal components. Size about 20^. Separated-grains, size 4 to ll/x; 

 the larger ones have a small cavity. Starch here and there is quite plentiful. 



Atropa belladonna Linn. (Solanacece.) Dry roots. Compound grains; nearly all have fallen apart; 

 few remaining ones consisting of 2 to 4 components. Separated-grains somewhat elongated; 

 in the direction of the longitudinal axis about twice as long as broad; with 1 to 3 pressure 

 facets at the broad end; lamellae invisible or indistinct; instead of the hilum, usuallj^ a small 

 cavity is observed which is rarely central, usually nearer the narrow end, two-fifths to one- 

 fourth eccentric. Simple grains of imperfect formation are also foimd. 



Scrophularia nodosa Limi. {Scropkulariaccw.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains rounded to ellip- 

 tical, frequently irregular, consisting of 2 to 4 and 8 almost equal or unequal components. 

 Size about 12^. Separated-grains solid, size 2 to 6^- Also compound grains of imperfect 

 formation are observed. 



Gratiola officinalis Lirm. (Scrophulariacece.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains rounded to ellip- 

 tical, frequently irregular, consisting of 2 to 4 and 8 almost equal or unequal components. 

 Size about 9^- Separated-grains are solid, size 1.5 to 5^. Simple grains of incomplete for- 

 mation. Starch rather scarce. 



Veronica austriaca Linn. {Scrophulariacece.) Dry roots. Compound grains (many of them fallen 

 apart) rounded or oval, consisting of 2 to 4 and 8 equal or unequal components. Size about 

 13m. Separated-grains, size 2 to 9m; the larger ones have a small central cavity; also simple 

 grains of incomplete formation are present. 



Wulfenia carinthiaca Jacq. (Scrophulariacece.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains rounded to oval, 

 frequently irregular, consisting of 2 to 4 and 6 equal or unequal corajjonents. Size about 9m. 

 Separated-grains are large and solid, size 1.5 to 6m. Simple grains of incomplete formation 

 are also found. Starch rather scarce. 



Pedicularis barrelierii Rchb. (Scrophulariacece.) Dry root. Compound grains rounded to oval, 

 consisting of 2 to 4 and 7 almost equal components. Size about 14m. Separated-grains, 

 size 2 to 6m; the larger ones have a small central cavity. Simple grains of incomplete for- 

 mation are also found. 



