TYPE 15. GRAINS COMPOUND, COMPONENTS FEW AND UNEQUAL. 271 



Rumcr murilinnts Linn. {Polygonacew.) Dry roots. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 1 equal or 

 unequal components; the majority have fallen apart. Size about lifi. Separate d-grains 

 isodiamctric or oval; instead of the hilum a small cavity is oliserved from which fissures 

 fvcqupntlj' radiate toward the angles; occasionally with a large cavity, eccentricity about 

 one-half. Size about 10m- Simple grains of incomplete formation. 



Aristolochia longa Linn. (Aristolochiacea:.) Dry root. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 8 com- 

 ponents which are occasionally equal and regularly arranged, though frequently unequal 

 and of irregular arrangement. Size about 20 to 25//. Separated-grains, size about 16;u;0.5 

 to 1.5 times as broad as long; lamelkie none, or indistinct; instead of a hilum a small cavity 

 from which two fissures diverge towards the distal end, one-half to one-fourth eccentric; 

 very often 1 to 4 small components are attached to a large one. If two large components are 

 united, they have usually a depressed form and very frequently even an oljlique form, and 

 one or several small components are then found adhering at the line of junction. 



Plantogo maritima Linn. {Plantaginacecc.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains round, rarely oval, 

 consisting of 2 to 4 and 6 usually' unequal components. Size about 10 to 14yu. Separated- 

 grains, size 3 to 11/:; rarely with a small cavity. Simple grains with complete formation are 

 also foimd. 



Plantago media Linn. Fresh root-stock. Separated-grains with one ciu-ved surface and 1 to 3 pres- 

 sure facets; size 2 to 7/t; nearly all the compoimd grains have fallen apart. Simple grains of 

 incomplete formation are also observed. 



Diodea dasycephala Cham. (Rubiacece.) Dry root. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 12 compo- 

 nents which are occasionally equal, but more frequently unequal, in size. (Often 1 to 7 com- 

 ponents are attached at one end of a large grain, or 1 to 6 are firmly fixed at the line of union 

 of two large components.) Size about 24/t. Separated-grains, size 3 to 14/(; usually with a 

 small cavaty from which in the larger ones delicate radial fissures diverge. 



Riclmrdsonia scabra Linn. (Rubiacece.) Dry root. Grains consisting of 2 to 4, rarely 6, mostly 

 unequal components (rarely 3 to 4 small components attached to one large one). Size about 

 21 to 28/1. Separated-grains, size 2 to 21/i; the larger ones are oval; and rarely a small cavity 

 instead of a hilum, eccentricity about one-half. Also simple eccentric-conical grains are 

 present. 



Cephwiis ipecacuanha Rich. (Rubiacece.) Gray variety; dry root. Compound grains rounded, elon- 

 gated-oval, consisting of 2 to 6 components, aliout one-half of the grains having them equal 

 and rogulaiiy arranged (many in tetrahedrons), and the other half containing unequal and 

 irregularly arranged components. In the latter case, 1 to 4 small components frequently 

 adhere to one end of a large one, rarely with 1 to 3 small ones attached at the line of junction 

 between two lai-gc components. Size about 14 to 16/i. Separated-grains isodiamctric or 

 oval, with one curved siuface and 1 to 4 pressure facets; lamella; none; solid or with a small 

 cavitj' instead of a hilum, eccentricity about one-half. 

 Ipecacuanha root, brown species, variety 1. Compound grains rounded or elongated-oval, consisting 

 of 2 to 6 and 10 components which are either equal and regularly arranged or unequal and 

 irregularly arranged (in the latter case 1 to 4 small components are attached to one large 

 one, and sometimes 1 to 3 small ones at the junction between the two large components). 

 Size about 15 to 20/1. Separated-grains isodiametric or oval, with one curved surface and 

 1 to 5 pressure facets; homogeneous, or with a few very indistinct lamellse; solid, or instead 

 of a hilum a small cavity is observed from which very short radial fissures occasionally diverge; 

 eccentricity about one-third. 

 Ipecacuanha root, brown species, variety 2. Compound grains spherical or round-oval, rarely oval, 

 consisting of 2 to 12, seldom up to 30, components which are usually equal and regularly 

 arranged (quadrangular, tetrahedrons, hexahedrons, and octahedrons). Size about 23/i. 

 Separated-grains isodiametric, usually with 1 curved surface and 1 to 6 pressure facets; 

 lamellffi none; generally with a small central cavity and several short radial fissures. Size 

 4 to 12/1. 



Carum bxdhocastanum Koch.; Bunium bulbocastanum Linn. (Umbelliferce.) Dry tubers. Compoimd 

 grains consisting of 2 to 4 and 6 components which are usually unequal, though rarely equal. 

 Size about 28/i. Separated-grains, size 3 to 20/i; instead of the hilum a small cavity is found 

 in the larger ones from which fissures radiate, eccentricity about one-half and one-third. 



