272 DIFFERENTIATION AND SPECIFICITY OF STARCHES. 



Also simple eccentric-conical grains are present. In the two examples which were examined 

 the one from Zwei])rucken contained compound grains, size about 28/x, and sejjarated-grains, 

 size 5 to 20; on the one from Zermatt the size of the compound grains was about 18m, and 

 of the separated-grains 3 to 13m. 



Cheer ophyllum bulbosum Linn. {Umhellijerw.) Fresh tubers. Separated-grains, size 2 to 12 and 18^; 

 frequently more or less irregular; almost twice as long as broad; with 1 to 2, rarely 3 to 4, 

 pressure facets; hilum about one-third eccentric. Most of the compovmd grains have fallen 

 apart; the majority of them consisted of few (2 to 5) unequal components. Numerous simple 

 grains are found which are round, low-conical shaped, rarely cuneiform, and frequently irreg- 

 ular. Size 12 to 18/x; hilum about one-fourth eccentric. Starch plentiful, entirely filling the cells. 



Driviys icirdcri Forster.; Cortex ivinteranus interior. {Magnoliacece.) Dry bark. Compound grains 

 spherical or oval, consisting of 2 to 5 and 8 usually unequal components. Size about 20^. 

 Separated-grains (very numerous), size 2 to 14^; more or less angular, usually with sharp 

 edges; without a cavity. Isolated simple spherical or oval grains are also present. 



Anemone ranunculoides Linn. (Ranunculacece.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains consisting of 2 

 to 10 and 16 equal or unequal components. Size about 22^. Separated-grains, size 2.5 to 

 8m; the larger ones have small cavity, and sometimes also delicate radial fissures. Simple 

 eccentric-conical grains are also observed. 



Ranunculus bulbosus Linn. (Ranunculacew.) Dry tubers. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 4 and 

 more components which are sometimes equal, more often unequal; size about 14m. Sepa- 

 rated-grains, size 3 to 9m; the larger ones have a small cavity, and occasionally also single 

 dehcate radial fissures. Simple eccentric-conical grains are also present. 



Hellebarus viridis Linn. (Ranunculacew.) Fresh root-stock. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 8 

 equal or unequal components; most of them have fallen apart. Separated-grains with 1 

 curved surface and 1 to 6 pressure facets; no lamelliB; rarely with a distinct hilum. Size 3 to 

 14m; the more polyhech-al forms, about IOm- Simple spherical grains are found; size about 14m. 



Helleborus dumetoruni Waldst. Kit. (Ranuncukicew.) Dry root-stock. Compound grains consisting 

 of 2 to 10 sometimes equal, more frequently unequal, components. Separated-grains, size 

 2 to 8m; the larger ones with a small cavity. 



Aconilum anthora Linn. (Ranunculacece.) Dry napiform root. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 

 8 equal or unequal components; most of them fallen apart. Separated-grains, size 2 to 10m; 

 isodiametric; with one cm-ved surface and 1 to G pressure facets; the larger ones with a small 

 central cavity, and also several short radial fissures. Isolated separated-grains are oval; size 

 17m ; cavity at the hilum somewhat eccentric. Simple eccentric-conical grains are also present. 



Aconitum napellus Linn. (Ranunculacece.) Dry tuberous root. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 

 8 equal or imequal components. Separated-grains without or with very delicate lamellie; 

 they have a small, slightly eccentric cavity, instead of a hilum. Size of the more polyhedral 

 separated-grains about 12m, of the oval about 20m. 



Pwonia officinalis Retz. {Ranunculacece.) Fresh root-stock. Compound grains consisting of 2 to 4 

 equal or unequal components. Separated-grains, lamella; none, or delicate and few (2 to 3) ; 

 hilum not often visible; size about ISm- Simple eccentric-conical grains are also observed. 



Sanguinaria canadensis Linn. (Papaveracece.) Dry root-stock. Compoimd grains consisting of 2 to 4 

 and 6 sometimes equal, more often unequal, components. Separated-grains, size 4 to 11m; the 

 larger ones with a small cavity. Simple grains of incomplete formation are also found. 



Nymphwa alba Linn. {Nymphaacecc.) Fresh root and root-stock. Separated-grains isodiametric or 

 oval with one curved surface and I to 5 pressure facets; lamellse none; hilum frequently 

 distinct, in the oval forms about one-third eccentric. Size 2. .5 to 12m. Few intact compound 

 grains, consisting of 2 to 8 equal or unequal components. Simple eccentric-conical grains 

 are also found. 



Bryonia dioica Jacq. {Cucurbitacew.) Dry root. Compound grains rounded or oval, occasionally 

 slightly compressed ; consisting of 2 to 8 components which are rarely almost equal, but more 

 frequently imequal (in the former case the components are arranged in a layer, in the center 

 of which one or two supernumerary ones are suj)crimposed ; in the latter case, I to 6 small 

 components are attached to the end of one larger one). Size about 30m. Separated-grains, 

 without lamellse, cavity or fissures; in the largest ones eccentric lamellie are very rarely 

 visible; size 3 to 24m. 



