278 DIFFERENTIATION AND SPECIFICITY OF STARCHES. 



Cinna arundinncea Linn. iClraminacca.) Dry endosperm. Compound grains spherical or oval, 

 frequently somewhat angular, consisting of numerous components, most of them fallen apart ; 

 size about 20ai. Separated-grains rounded-angular to polyhedral ; the largerones have acavity ; 

 size 2 to 5 and 7/j. 



Echinopogon ovatus Beauv. (GraminacecB.) Dry endosperm. Compound grains round, oval, or low 

 cone-shaped, more or less angular as a result of pressure, delicately reticulated; size about 

 20/u. Separated-grains rounded-angular to polyhedral; size 1 to 4/i. 



Lagurus ovatus Limi. (Granimacece.) Dry endosperm. Com])ound grains round or oval, homogen- 

 eous or finely granulated, consisting of 10 to over 6000 components; size about 20/i. Sep- 

 arated-grains round or somewhat angular; size 1 to 3/i. 



Polypogon jnonspeliensis Desf . (Graminacea.) Dry endosperm. Compomid grains oval, rarely round, 

 one-half to almost as thick as long; finely granulated, frequently almost homogeneous, consisting 

 of 30 to 1 000 components ; size about 18yii, angular. Separated-grains arealso present ; size 1 .5 to 4 /^ . 



Chwturus fasciculatus Link. {Graminacece.) Dry endosperm. Separated-grains round or rounded- 

 angular; size 1 to 3/i. Compound grains have all fallen apart. 



Gaslridium australe Beauv., var. muticum Spreng. (Graminaceoe.) Dry endosperm.. Separated- 

 grains polyhedral, usually with sharp angles and borders, with a cavity; size 3 to 12/i. Com- 

 pound grains nearly all have fallen apart; those remaining are more or less angular or even 

 exactly polyhedi'al as a result of pressure; size about 23/i or more. 



Perotis latifoUa Ait. {Graminaceoe.) Dry endosperm. Separated-grains, size 2 to 8yu; the smaller ones 

 rounded-angular, the larger ones polyhedi-al, usually with a larger or a small cavity. The cells 

 are crowded with separated-grains, while no compound gi-ains could be positively distinguished. 



Chamagrostis minima Borckh. ; Sturmia minima Hoppe. {Graminacece.) Dry endosperm. Compound 

 grains round or oval, three-fifths to as long as broad, usually finely reticulated, consisting of 

 8 to 500 components; size about 33yu. Separated-grains usually polyhedral, without a cavity; 

 size 2 to 8 and 9/i. 



Calamagrostis sylvaiica DC. {Graminacece.) Dry endosperm. Compoimd grains rounded or oval 

 consisting of 2 to more than 300 components, which when few in number are often unequal ; 

 size about 48/i. Separated-grains usually polyhedral; the larger ones with a central cavity; 

 size 2 to 9;u. 



Calamagrostis icilldenowii Trin.; Deyeuxia retrofracta Kunth. {Giaminacece.) Dry endosperm. 

 Compound grains spherical or oval, consisting of numerous components; size about 16;u. 

 Separated-giains angular or romided-angular; size L5 to 4/x. 



Ammophila arenaria Link.; Calamagrostis arenaria Roth. {Graminacece.) Dry endosperm. Com- 

 pound grains spherical to elongated-oval, two-fifths to as thick as long, reticulated-gran- 

 ular; size about 50;u. Separated-grains romided-angular or polyhedral; size 1 to 4^. 



Arundo niawitanica Desf. {Graininacea.) Dry endosperm. Separated-grains size 2.5 to S/i, polyhedral, 

 the larger ones usually with a small angular cavity. A few intact compound grains are present, 

 romided-oval, frequently angular, or even polyhedral, consisting of numerous components. 



Phragmiics communis Trin. {Graminacece.) Dry endosperm. Separated-grains rounded or rounded- 

 ang-ular; the larger ones rarely witli a distinct cavity; size 0.7 to 2.5fi. Only a few compound 

 grains are present; small, romided, granular. 



Gyrwium cinereiim Humb. {Graminacece.) Dry endosperm. Compound grains spherical to elon- 

 gated-oval, frequently slightly angular, reticulated-gi-anular; size about 23/1. Separated- 

 grains, size 2.5 to 8/^; the smaller ones rounded-angular, the larger ones polyhedral with 

 sharp borders and angles, frequently with a small cavity. 



Gyneriuni argenteum Nees. {Graminacece.) Dry endosperm. Separated-grains size 1 to 4/j, rounded- 

 ang-ular to polyhedral. Only a few compound grains could be positively distinguished. 

 Besides the starch, much oil and protoplasm are foimd in the cells. 



Pappophorum schimperianum Hochst., var. persicum. {Graminacea-.) Dry endosperm. Compound 

 grains spherical or oval (not at all angular), consisting of 2 to over 100 comi)onents; size 

 about 25 and 30/i- Separated-grains polyhech-al, usually with a small central cavity, and 

 sometimes also with single delicate radial fissm'es; size 3 to 10, rarely 12/^. The isolated 

 sinijile grains, size about IG/x; the smaller ones si>herical or rounded-oval, the larger ones 

 circular or roundeil-oval ami compressed to about half theii' wiilth. Tlie starch-grains which 

 are embedded in jsrotoplasm are not closely packed in the cells. 



