TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PACE 



Sifolinia laurcc. (g) Mynnica myrmoxena. (h) Symmyr- 

 in.ic.it chambcrlini. (i) Lcpthorax cmcrsoni. (j) Lcpto- 

 thtimx glacialis. 



CHAPTER XXIV. 



THE TEMPORARY SOCIAL PARASITES. 



I. Ant Parasitism in General 437 



I. History of the Subject. 2. Establishment of the Normal 

 Colony. 3. Redundant and Defective Types of Colony 

 Formation. 4. Three Forms of Effecting Adoption of 

 Queens in Alien Colonies, and Their Phylogem . 



II. Definition and Extent of Temporary Social Parasitism . . . 440 



III. The Known and Hypothetical Cases of Temporary Social 



Parasitism 44 r 



I. Microgynous Formica: of the rufa Group. 2. Macrogynous 

 Formica: of the rufa Group. 3. The Formica: of the exsccta 

 Group. 4. Bothriomyrmex. 5. Apheenogaster. 6. Oxygync. 



IV. General Conclusions 449 



CHAPTER XXV. 



THE SANGUINARY ANTS, OR FACULTATIVE SLAVE-MAKERS. 



I. Definition and General Description of the Dulotic Instincts 452 



II. Distribution and Species of Slave-making Ants 454 



III. The Facultative Slave-makers 454 



I. The European sanguinca. (a) Description of the Species. 

 (&) Ratio of Slave-holding to Slaveless Colonies of san- 

 guinca. (c) The Tactics of the Foray, (d} The Purpose 

 of the Foray, O) Comparison with the Rapacious Dorylines. 



2. The American sanguinea. (a) The Variety, of North 

 American Forms. (b) Comparison with the European 

 Type. (c) Personal Observations of sanguinca Forays. 



3. The Founding of the sanguinca Colony. (a) Experi- 

 ments and Conclusions. (fc) Comparison with the Colonies 

 of Temporary Parasites. (c) Solution of the Problem of 

 the Dulotic Instincts. 



