TABLE OF CONTENTS. xxiii 



CHAPTER XXVI. 

 THE AMAZONS, OR OBLIGATORY SLAVE-MAKERS. 



PAGE 



I. Introductory 471 



II. The European Amazons (Polyergus rufescens} 471 



I. Description and General Habits. 2. Expeditions. 3. In- 

 fluence of Dulotic Relation on Behavior of Slaves of 

 Polyergus rufescens. 



III. The American Amazons 474 



i. Polyergus brericcps. 2. Polyergus bicolor. 3. Polyergus 

 lucidus. 



IV. The Founding of Amazon Colonies 486 



CHAPTER XXVII. 



THE DEGENERATE SLAVE-MAKERS AND PERMANENT SOCIAL PARASITES. 



I. Introduction Comparison with Preceding Types Classi- 

 fication and Definition 488 



II. The Degenerate Slave-makers 489 



(a) The Genus Strongylognathus. i. Strongylognathus liuberi. 

 2. Strongylognathus afcr. 3. Strongylognathus christophi. 

 4. Strongylognathus rchbindcri. 5. Strongylognathus ccecilicc. 

 6. Strongylognathus tcstaceus. 



(b) The Genus Harpagoxenus. I. Harpagoxenus sublevis. 



2, Harpagoxenus americanus. 



III. The Permanent Social Parasites 495 



i. WhcelericUa santschii. 2. Epixcmts andrei and crcticus. 



3. Sympheidole elccebra. 4. Epipheidole inquilina. 5. Epoc- 

 cus pergandel. 6. Anergates atratulus. (a) Description and 

 Habits. (&) Experiments of Adlerz and Wasmann. (c) 

 Personal Experiments. (rf) Conclusions. 6. Ethical and 

 Sociological Analogies. 



CHAPTER XXVIII. 

 THE SENSATIONS OF ANTS. 



I. Introductory. Intellectual and Intuitional Methods of Study- 

 ing Animal P>ehavior. Different Types of Behavior. 

 The Senses as a Basis for its Study 505 



