FIELD BOOK OF INSECTS. 



Harris, a pioneer American entomologist, 

 Grapta comma 1 . 



named the species from the silver mark on 



the under side of the hind wings (Plate XXX); and 

 Edwards, one of our earliest and greatest Lepidopter- 

 ists, named the lighter hibernating form harrisi, in his 

 honor, calling the darker summer form dryas. The larva 

 feeds on hop, nettles, and related plants, slightly rolling 

 the leaves for its protection while eating; its color varies 

 from brown to greenish white. "The angulated chrysalis 

 closely resembles that of its allies of the same genus; it is 

 pale wood-brown, tinged and streaked with pale green; 

 the base of the tubercles along the back is of a metallic 

 color, both in this species and in the Violet-tip (which it 

 most resembles), and according to whether the color is 

 silvery or golden, so will the price of hops (on which both 

 are found) be high or low, according to the hop-growers; 

 and so these chrysalids are termed Hop-merchants." 



This species (Plate XXX) is called Gray 

 Grapta progne * \ . . 



Comma; its under side is grayish and its 



"comma" is tapering at the ends. The larva feeds on 

 currant, gooseberry, etc.; it is spined much like the 

 Violet-tip but the body is yellowish brown, variegated 

 above with dark green. The chrysalis is a striking 

 mixture of buff, olive-green, brown, salmon, and white. 



The larva of G. faunus feeds on birch, willow, currant, 

 and gooseberry; the adult's wings are deeply notched and 

 the under side of the hind wings, each of which has a silver 

 mark like comma, are strongly tinted with green along the 

 outer third the "leaf" is not quite dead! It is an in- 

 habitant of mountains as far south as the Carolinas. 



The English name is Camberwell Beauty 

 Vanessa , . 



antiopa an< ^' while rare in England, this species 



(Plate XXX) is found throughout the tem- 

 perate regions of the world and gets as far south as Guate- 

 mala. We call it Mourning Cloak. It is the largest of 

 those of our butterflies which hibernate as adults, and he 

 who has not seen it flitting in the leafless woods of very 

 early spring or "resting on the black willows, like a leaf 

 still adhering" is indeed unfortunate. Just inside the 



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