FIELD BOOK OF INSECTS. 



with narrow cross lines of yellow and a row of white spots 

 on each side. At first it makes a mat, under which it 

 feeds, of silk -and the hairs of its food plant ; later it fastens 

 leaves together and often pupates in this nest. The 

 chrysalis is difficult to describe. Find it. There are two 

 broods a year but pupae are to be found from June to March, 

 although the adult usually emerges early and hibernates. 



I like "Thistle Butterfly" better than 



Pyrameis "Painted Lady" since this lady "was born 



cardui MI 11-1 



that way. The upper side is much like 



huntera; below, however, the hind wings (Plate XXXI) 

 each have more than two, usually four, good eye-spots. 

 The head of the larva is hairy on top ; the body is greenish 

 yellow, mottled with black, and the bristly spines are 

 yellowish. It feeds on burdock, thistle, sunflower, holly- 

 hock, and other plants, making a shelter much like that of 

 huntera. The chrysalis is greenish or bluish white, marked 

 with black and brown, and with tubercles which are 

 often gold-tipped. This species is found throughout the 

 habitable world with the exception of South America. 

 It occasionally migrates in swarms. 



The upper surface of the Buckeye (Plate 

 Junonia coema ___ r ^ rT . 



XXXI) is dark brown with conspicuous 



peacock-like eye-spots, small orange spots, a dull whit- 

 ish band on each front wing and a narrow but conspicu- 

 ous band of yellowish orange on each hind wing; the 

 under surface is gray-brown with much the same mark- 

 ings except that the eye-spots of the hind wings are much 

 reduced. The larva feeds on plantain, snapdragon, and 

 Gerardia; it is dark gray, with yellow stripes and spots, 

 and with purple spines, one pair of which is on the head. 

 It is a southern species which gets as far north as New 

 England. 



The upper side of the Red-spotted Purple 

 Basilarchia j g black and < e blue Qr green; the lower 



astyanax ...... . , . , 



side is brown with a submargmal row of red 



spots, two red spots at the base of the fore wings, and four 

 at the base of the hind wings. The curiously shaped larva 

 is mottled with brown, olivaceous, and cream; it feeds on 



126 



