FIELD BOOK OF INSECTS. 



Papilio palamedes (wing-expanse, 4 to 4^ inches) 

 suggests a giant polyxenes in which the inner row of yellow 

 spots on the upper surface of the hind wings is a continuous 

 band and there are three yellow spots near the front 

 between two rows on the fore wings. Its normal range is 

 from Virginia and Missouri to Florida and Texas, its larva 

 feeding on Magnolia and Lauracese. 



Papilio marcellus (formerly called ajax) suggests 

 turnus, but has tails twice as long, is white instead of 

 yellow, has more black on the upper surface and, in addi- 

 tion, a red spot or two near the middle of the inner (hind) 

 margin of the hind wings. It is found almost everywhere 

 that its larval food (papaw) occurs in the eastern half of 

 the United States. 



We have other species of Papilio, especially in our 

 West and Southwest; some having no tails (e. g. polydamas, 

 which also carries perfume, of Florida), some two tails 

 (e. g. daunus of the western mountains), and the rare 

 pilumnus of Arizona having three tails. 



HESPERIID^E 



i 



I fear that Plate XXXVII will be exasperating to 

 those attempting to start an acquaintance with this 

 interesting but most difficult family. However, there has 

 been but little call for information concerning them, and 

 there are so many species that a great number must neces- 

 sarily be omitted. There are at least fifty species in New 

 Jersey other regions are also well, many better, supplied, 

 about 2000 species having been described. The adults 

 .are, for the most part, small and fly with rapid starts and 

 stops, as is indicated by their nickname, Skippers. When 

 resting, many of them (especially the Pamphilinas) hold 

 the front wings at an angle different from that of the hind 

 pair. Both sexes have six feet; their eyes are overhung 

 with curving "lashes" and the antennae of many species 

 are hooked at the tip. 



The larvae are smooth and usually have a head, some- 

 what rough and hairy, which looks too big and seems to 

 be supported by a too slender neck. The appearance of 

 many suggests moth larvae, and nearly all of the species 



142 



