SCARAB/E1D/E. 



strise. C. minutus is less than .5 in. long, while the size of 

 anaglypticus is intermediate; they have eight striae on 

 each elytron. 



Phanams These are brilliantly colored beetles. 



The males of our species have quite a horn 

 on their heads and lack tarsi on their front legs. The first 

 joint of the antennal club is hollowed out to receive the 

 others. The male of carnifex is shown in Plate LXXXI. 

 The female has a short, blunt tubercle in place of the 

 male 'shorn. 



No attempt will be made here to give the genera of 

 Aphodiini (hind tibiae with two spurs; abdomen covered by 

 elytra; antennae 9-jointed) in detail. Aphodius is the 

 largest, both as regards the number of species and by having 

 the largest-sized species. They are dung-feeders which 

 frequently fly in great numbers during warm autumn after- 

 noons and, like their relatives, come freely to light. Apho- 

 dius fossor is shiny black, nearly .5 in. long. Aphodius 

 fimetarius has shiny black head and pronotum and brick- 

 red elytra; it is about .3 in. long. There are many smaller 

 species. 



The principal genus, in the Northeast, of the Geotrupini 

 (antennae n -jointed; mandibles prominent and visible 

 from above) is Geotrupes (Plate LXXX). The antennal 

 clubs are not very large and the plates are of equal thick- 

 ness. Individuals of our common species range from .5 

 to .75 in. in length and vary from black to purple and 

 dark metallic green. Some provision holes, as does 

 Copris, with dung; others live in decaying "toadstools," 

 especially in the underground stem. Some, possibly 

 all, of the species can make a faint sound by rubbing the 

 hind coxae against the abdomen. As for the other genera, 

 their antennal clubs are large, round, and convex on both 

 sides. The eyes of Bolboceras are partially divided by a 

 process from the side of the head, and those of Bolbocero- 

 soma (black-and-brown beetles in which the process between 

 the middle coxae has an erect tooth-like elevation) and of 

 Odontaus (brown beetles without this "tooth") are 

 entirely divided. 



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