KEY TO THE LONG-HORNS. 



at tip ; pale yellow pubescence arranged in irregular, small 

 patches. Breeds in dog-wood, hickory, walnut, pine r 

 and perhaps other trees E. vestitus. 



4. Lower lobe of eyes elongate ; spines on sides- of prono- 

 tum large, median; pubescence mottled, gray and black, 

 mixed with short, scattered hairs on elytra. Breeds in dry 

 twigs of beech and linden Hoplosia nubila, 



Lower lobe of eyes as wide as long, squarish or some- 

 what triangular 5. 



5. Pronotum with spines on sides; black, elytra varie- 

 gated with dull brownish-yellow, and with a broad, oblique 

 band of white pubescence. Beneath bark of dead pine, 

 also on pear and willow P ogonocherus mixtus. 



Pronotum with feebly rounded sides; pale grayish- 

 brown; elytra with a narrow, curved, black band on basal 

 third. Breeds in red-bud, hickory, and probably other 

 trees Ecyrus dasycerus. 



Saperdini. (See page 353.) 



Saperda is our only genus. S. Candida is shown in 

 Plate LXXXI. The larva is known as the Round-headed 

 Apple-borer (see p. 310) but it also lives in quince, Crat&gus, 

 and Amelanchier. The larvae usually work in the base of 

 the trunk and in the large roots, more rarely in the large 

 limbs. Their presence may often be detected by piles 

 of "saw-dust" pushed out of the burrow through an open- 

 ing in the bark. From egg to adult takes three years. 

 Pupation occurs in the burrow. The adult, in emerging, 

 makes a hole in the bark as big around as a lead pencil. 

 Adults emerge throughout the season, starting as early as 

 April. 



Two more of our species have complete, longitudinal 

 stripes on the elytra: puncticollis (two pairs of black dots 

 on top of the yellow pronotum and one dot on each side) 

 and lateralis (pronotum dark, with yellowish side-stripes). 

 The latter breeds in hickory and some specimens (variety 

 connecta) lack the narrow, yellow sutural line but have 

 developed oblique crossbars. Virginia creeper is the food- 

 plant of puncticollis. 



S. concolor is about .5 in. long and evenly clothed with 



359 



