VI 



CONTENTS. 



Page 

 Calculation of results Continued. 



Correction for mercury valve 74 



Increase in volume of the water-absorb- 

 ers 74 



Fluctuations in volume of the carbon- 

 dioxide absorbers 74 



Interchange of air through the food 



aperture 75 



Addition of nitrogen with the oxygen.. 77 



The rejection of air 77 



The respiratory loss 79 



Subdivision of air volumes 80 



Composition gradient of air in the 



closed circuit 8r 



Data used in calculating relation of 



weights and volumes of gases 82 



Calculation of residual analyses 83-95 



Volume of the sample 83 



Calculation of true volume of sample 

 for determination of carbon diox- 

 ide and water 85 



Calculation of the true volume of air in 



the closed air-circuit 86 



Total residual water vapor 87 



Total residual carbon dioxide 87 



Oxygen and nitrogen 88 



The nitrogen in the system 88 



Calculations for nitrogen 89 



Calculations for total residual oxygen... 89 

 Accuracy of calculations of the residual 



amount of oxygen 91 



Thermal gradient inside the chamber.. 91 

 Conclusions regarding the accuracy of 



the oxygen computation 92 



Check on the computation method of 



determining oxygen 93 



Computation -of the total carbon-dioxide 

 and water output and oxygen in- 

 take 93 



Total carbon -dioxide output 93 



Total output of water vapor 94 



Computation for total intake of oxygen. 95 



Alcohol check experiments 96-105 



Kindof alcohol used 96 



Determination of specific gravity 97 



Alcoholometric tables 98 



Factors for the actual amounts of carbon 



dioxide, water, and oxygen 98 



Alcohol lamp 99 



Frequency and duration of experiments.. 102 

 Calculation of the alcohol check experi- 

 ments 1 02 



Determination of carbon dioxide 103 



Determination of water 104 



The computations for oxygen 104 



The calorimeter system and measurements 



of heat 106-169 



General principle of the calorimeter 106 



The calorimeter chamber 107 



Wooden walls surrounding the chamber 107 



Air-spaces and heat insulation m 



Page 



The calorimeter system and measurements 

 of heat Continued. 



Facilities for removing metal chamber 112 



Methods of preventing gain or loss of heat 



to the chamber 112-123 



Prevention of gain or loss through the 



metal walls 112 



The thermo-electric elements 113 



Construction of the elements 113 



Method of installing elements 113 



Distribution of elements 115 



Electrical connection of the elements. 116 



Heating and cooling the air-space 117 



Heating circuits 117 



Cooling circuits 118 



Temperature regulations in the outer 



air-space 119 



Gain or loss of heat through openings in 



the chamber 120 



Gainorlossof heat through theaircurrent. 122 



Measurement of heat 123-150 



The heat-absorbing system 123 



Regulation of rate of absorption of heat. 125 



Supply of water for measuring heat 126 



Water coolers 126 



Water meter 126 



Calibration of the meter 132 



Accuracy of the meter 132 



Check measurements of the accuracy 



of the meter 133 



Thermometers for measuring tempera- 

 ture of water 133 



Correction for pressure of water on the 



mercury bulb 134 



Measurement of temperature of the calo- 

 rimeter 134 



Observer's table . 136 



Electrical connections on the table 138 



Mercury switch and bridge 139 



Determination of the quantity of heat 



eliminated 150-169 



Latent heat of water vapor 150 



Sensible heat removed in water current... 151 



Unit of heat 151 



Calculation of the quantity measured... 151 

 Corrections to measurements of heat 152-167 

 The hydrothermal equivalent of the 



calorimeter 152 



Corrections for temperature of food and 



dishes 153 



Adiabatic cooling of gases 154 



Correction for heat absorbed by bed 



and bedding 154 



Correction for change of body tempera- 

 ture and body weight 155 



Measurement of body temperature... 156 

 Weighing objects inside the chamber.. 157 

 Description of weighing apparatus... 158 



Weighing the absorbing system 161 



Routine of the weighings 163 



Checks on the accuracy 164 



