GENUS LATHYRUS. 



401 



The reaction witli Piirdi/s solution l)cgins in 30 seconds. All of the grains are affected in 5 

 minutes, one-fifth are gelatinized in 15 minutes, about one-third in 30 minutes, and one-half in an 

 liour, with little further change. The refractive granules noted in L. odoratus var. shahzoda during 

 the reaction are freciuently observed. The reaction is qualitatively the same as in the latter. 



Differentiation of Cnlain Starches of the Goms Lathynis. 



Histological Ch.\racterist:cs. 

 Conspicuous Forms. 



L. odoratus var. shatizadu: Simple and isolated; surface 



irreguhir. Ovoid, ellipsoidal to elliptical, oval, 



reniform or bean-shaped, round. 

 L. si/lvestris: Essentially the same as in L. odoralus var. 



shahzada. 

 L. latifolius var. albus: Essentially the same as in L. 



odoratus var. shahzada. 

 L. magellanicus var. albus: Essentially the same as in 



L. odoratus var. shahzada, but more irregular. 



HUum Form, Number, and Position. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: When not fissured a number 

 of small indistinct spots grouped together in a 

 non-lamellated space. Usually deeply and exten- 

 sively fissured; single longitudinal fissure promi- 

 nent. Centric or slightly eccentric. 



L. sylvestris: Form essentially the same as in L. odoratus 

 var. shahzada. Position centric or slightly ec- 

 centric. 



L. latifolius var. albus: Form essentially the same as in 

 L. odoratus var. shahzada. Position centric or 

 slightly eccentric. 



L. 7)iagellariicus var. albus: Form essentially the same as 

 in L. odoralus var. shahzada, but fissuration more 

 pronounced. Position centric or slightly eccentric. 



Lamellce General Characteristics and Number. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: Very distinct, coarse, continu- 

 ous bands, following outhne of grain. 10 to 12 on 

 larger grains. 



L. sylvestris: Same as in L. odoralus var. shahzada, but 

 not quite so coarse. 10 to 12 on larger grains. 



L. latifolius var. albus: Same as L. odoratus var. shahzada, 

 but not quite so coarse. 10 on larger grains. 



L. 7nagellanicus var. albus: Same as in L. odoratus var. 

 shahzada but not quite so coarse. 12 to 14 on 

 larger grains. 



Size. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: From 6 to 38;i, commonly 25m- 

 L. sylvestris: From 8 to 38^, commonly 24^. 

 L. latifolius var. albus: From 4 to 36ji, commonly 23^. 

 L. rnagellanicus var. albus: From to 50;i, commonly 34^. 



PoLARiscopic Properties. 



Figure. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: Centric or slightly eccentric, 

 distinct, generally not clear-cut, lines usually 

 broad and irregular, cross or bean type. 



L. sylvestris: Same as in L. odoralus var. shahzada. 



L. latifolius var. albus: Same as in L. odoralus var. 

 shahzada. 



L. magellanicus var. albus: Same as in L. odoralus var. 

 shahzada. 



Degree of Polarization. 



L. odoralus var. shahzada: Fair to high, usually fairly 



high. 

 L. sylvestris: Low to fairly high, less than in L. odoralus 



var. shahzada. 

 L. latifolius var. albus: Low to high, slightly less than 



in L. odoratus var. shahzada. 

 L. magellanicus var. albus: Low to fairlj- liigh, less than 



in L. odoralus var. shahzada. 



PoL.ARiscopic Properties. Continued. 

 Polarization with Seleniie Quadrants and Colors. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: Quadrants usually not well- 

 defined, irregular in shape and unequal in size. 

 Colors pure or fairly pure. 



L. sylvestris: Quadrants same as in L. odoratus var. 

 shahzada. Coloi's fairly pure. 



L. latifolius var. albus: Quadrants same as in L. odoralus 

 var. shahzada. Colors fairh' pure. 



L. magellanicus var. albus: Quadrants same as in L. 

 odoratus var. shahzada. Colors fairly pure. 



Iodine Reactions. 



Intensity and Color. 

 var. shahzada: Rather light; violet. 



L. odoralus 



L. sylvestris: Fairly deep, much deeper than in L. odoratus 



var. shahzada; blue-violet. 

 L latifolius var. albus : Fairly deep, much deeper than in 



L. odoralus var. shahzada; blue-violet. 

 L. magellanicus var. albus: Light, slightly more than in 



L. odoratus var. shahzada; violet. 



Staining Reactions. 



Wilh Gentian Violet. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: Light. 



L. sylvestris: Light, same as in L. odoratus var. shahzada. 



L. latifolius var. albus: Light, same as in L. odoratus 



var. shahzada. 

 L. magellanicus var. albus: Light, slightly more than in 



L. odoratus var. shahzada. 



With Safranin. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: Light. 



L. sylvestris: Light, same as in L. odoratus var. shahzada. 



L. latifolius var. albus: Light, same as in L. odoralus var. 



shatizada. 

 L. magellanicus var. albus: Light, slightly more than in 



L. odoralus var. shahzada. 



Temperature of Gelatinization. 



L. odoralus var. shahzada: 68 to 69 C, mean 68.5. 

 L. sylvestris: 57 to 59 C, mean 58. 

 L. latifolius var. <dbus: 62 to 61 C, mean 63. 

 L. magellanicus var. albus: 68 to 70 C, mean 69. 



Effects of Various Reagents. 

 Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: Begins in a few in a minute ; 

 complete in half in 30 minutes, little further change 

 in an hour. 



L. sylvestris: Begins in all at once; complete in nine- 

 tenths in 15 minutes and practically all in 30 min- 

 utes, little further change in an hour. 



L. latifolius var. albus: Begins in all at once; complete 

 in nine-tenths in 30 minutes, little further change 

 in an hour. 



L. magellanicus var. albiis: Begins in a few at once; com- 

 plete in half in 15 minutes, little progress in 30 

 minutes, complete in two-thirds in an hour. 



Reaction with Chromic Acid. 



L. odoratus var. shahzada: Begins at once; complete in 



all in 10 minutes. 

 L. sylvestris: Begins in all in 20 seconds; complete in all 



in 2 minutes. 



