GENUS CALOCHORTUS. 



523 



Differentiation of Certain Starches of the Genus Calochortus. Continued. 



Iodine Reactions. EFFECxa of Various Reagents. Continued. 



Intensity and Color. 



C. albus: Very deep, slightly deeper than in C. nitidus; 

 blue-violet. 



C. maweanus var. major: Very deep, sUghtly lighter than 

 in C. nitidux: blue-violet. 



C. benthami: Very deep, slightly deeper than in C. tiiti- 

 dus; blue-violet. 



C. lilacimis: Very deep, about the same aa in C. 7iUidus; 

 blue- violet. 



C. nitidus: Very deep; blue-violet. 



C. howellii: Very deep, deeper than in C. nitidus; blue- 

 violet. 



C. leichllinii: Very deep, about the same as in C. nitidus; 

 blue- violet. 



C. luteus var. oculatics: Very deep, slightly deeper than 

 in C. nitidus; blue-violet. 



C. spkndcns: Very deep, same as in C. nitidus; blue- 

 violet. 



Staining Reactions. 



With Gentian Violet, 

 albus: Fair, slightly deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 maweanv^ var. major: Fair, about the same as in C. 



nitidus. 

 benthami: Deep, deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 lilacinus: Fair, slightly deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 nitidus: Fair. 



hoifcllii: Deep, much deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 leichtlinii: Fair, deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 luteus var. oculatus: Deep, deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 splendens: Fair, same as in C. nitidus. 



With Safranin. 

 albus: Deep, slightly deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 maweanus var. major: Fairly deep, about the same as 



in C. nitidus. 

 benthami: Fairly deep, slightly deeper than in C 



nitidus. 

 lilacinus: Deep, deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 nitidus: Fairly deep. 



howellii: Fairly deep, deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 leichtlinii: Fairly deep, deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 luteus var. oculatus: Deep, deeper than in C. nitidus. 

 splendens: Fairly deep, about the same as in C. tntidus. 



Temperature of Gelatinization. 

 albus: 52 to 54 C, mean 53. 

 maweanus var. major: 59 to 60 C, mean 59.5. 

 betithami: 61 to 62 C, mean 61.5. 

 lilacinus: 58 to 60 C, mean 59. 

 nitidus: 54 to 55.5 C, mean 54.75. 

 howellii: 50 to 51 C, mean 50.5. 

 leichtlinii: 62 to 64 C, mean 63. 

 luteus var. oculatus: 57.2 to 59 C, mean 58.1. 

 splendens: 54.2 to 56 C, mean 55.1. 



Effects of Various Reagents. 

 Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine, 

 albus: Begins in 45 seconds; complete in 6 minutes. 

 maweanus var. major: Begins in 45 seconds; complete 



in 10 minutes. 

 benthami: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in 5 minutes. 

 lilacinus: Begins in 1 3^ minutes; complete in 5 minutes. 



Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. Continued. 



C. nitidus: Begins in 15 seconds; complete in 2 minutes. 

 C. huwellii: Begins in a minute; complete in 7 minutes. 

 C. leic)dlinii: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in 7 minutes. 

 C. luteus var. oculatus: Begins in IJ^ minutes; complete 



in 10 minutes. 

 C. splendens: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in 7 minutes. 



Reaction with Chromic Acid. 



C. albus: Begins at once; complete in 30 seconds. 



C. maweanus var. major: Begins at once; complete in a 



minute. 

 C. benthami: Begins at once; complete in 2 minutes. 

 C. lilacinus: Begins at once; complete in 30 seconds. 

 C. nitidus: Begins at once; complete in 20 seconds. 

 C howellii: Begins at once; complete in a minute. 

 C. leichtlinii: Begins at once; complete in a minute. 

 C. luteus var. oculatus: Begins at once; complete in a 



minute. 

 C. splendens: Begins at once; complete in 30 seconds. 



Reaction with Pyrogallic Add. 



C. albus: Begins in 10 seconds; complete in 4 minutes. 

 C. maweanus var. major: Begins in 20 seconds; complete 



in most in 8 minutes. 

 C. benthami: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in 4 minutes. 

 C. lilacinus: Begins in 20 seconds; complete in 4 minutes. 

 C. nitidus: Begins at once; complete in 2 minutes. 

 C. hoivellii: Begins in 20 seconds; complete in 2 J^ minutes. 

 C. leichtlinii: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in most in 



10 minutes. 

 C. luteus YHT. oculatus: Begins in 20 seconds; complete in 



10 minutes. 

 C. splendens: Begins in 20 seconds; complete in 4 minutes. 



Reaction with Ferric Chloride. 



C. albus: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in 6 minutes. 



C. maweanus var. major: Begins in 2 minutes; complete 

 in 8 minutes. 



C. benthami: Begins in 15 seconds; complete in 5 minutes. 



C. lilacinus: Begins in 2 minutes; complete in 5 minutes. 



C. nitidus: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in 4 minutes. 



C. howellii: Begins in 2 minutes; complete in 4 minutes. 



C. leichtlinii: Begins in2}.^minutes; complete in 6 minutes. 



C. luteus var. oculatus: Begins in 1}^ minutes; complete 

 in 8 minutes. 



C. splendens: Begins in 1}4 minutes; complete in 10 min- 

 utes. 



Reaction with Purdy's Solution. 



C. albus: Begins at once; complete in 20 to 30 seconds. 

 C. maweanus var. major: Begins at once; complete in 30 



seconds. 

 C. benthami: BeginsinlOseconds. Complete in 30 seconds. 

 C. lilacinus: Begins at once; complete in a minute. 

 C. nitidus: Begins at once; complete in 30 seconds. 

 C. howellii: Begins at once; complete in 45 to 60 seconds. 

 C. leichtlinii: Begins in 15 seconds; complete in 3 minutes. 

 C. luteus var. oculatus: Begins at once; complete in 1 



minute. 

 C. splendens: Begins at once; complete in 45 seconds. 



NOTES ON THE STARCHES OF CALOCHORTUS. 

 The starches of Calochorlus in their histological characters exhibit differences in size, form, hilura, 

 and lamellae, especially in their size and lamelke, and as regards the lamellae in refei-ence particularly 

 to the secondary sets. In their reactions it will be noted that while the curves of the reaction-inten- 

 sities are clearly of the same type, the departures from a given standard in the case of each starch are 

 distinctive, the main deviations being seen in the temperature of gelatinization (the range being from 

 50.5 to 63) and in the chloral hydrate-iodine, pyrogallic acid, and ferric chloride reactions. 



