GENUS TULIPA. 



527 



Chart No. 131. 



GV S T CI CA PA FC P S CI PA CA 



With safranin the grains begin to stain at once and in 30 minutes are lightly stained, one as 

 much as another. The inten8it3^ is tlie same as that of the grains of T. hageri. 



Temperature Reaction. The temperature of gelatinization is 56.5 to 57.8 C, mean 57.15. 



Effects of Various Reagents. With chloral hydrate-iodine the reaction begins in all the grains 

 in 30 seconds. It is over in nearly all in 4 minutes and in all in 11 minutes. It is the same quali- 

 tatively as that of the grains of T. hageri. 



Reaction with chromic acid begins in a very few seconds and is over in 30 seconds. It is the 

 same qualitatively as tliat of the grains of T. hageri. 



The reaction with pyrugallic acid begins in a few secontls and is over in a minute. It i.s the same 

 qualitatively as that of the grains of T. hageri. 



With feiric chloride reaction begins in a few grains in 15 seconds. It is over in nearly all in 4 

 minutes and in all in 7 minutes. It is the same qualitatively as that of the grains of T. hageri. 



Reaction with Purdtj's solution begins in a few seconds and is over in 1 J^ minutes. It is the same 

 qualitatively as that of the gi-ains of T. hageri. 



STARCH OF TULIPA GREIGI. (Plate 31, figs. 1S5 and 186. Chart 131.) 



Histological Characteristics. In form the grains are simple and almost invariably isolated. 

 Occasionally i)ressure facets were observed on small, isolated grains. The surface generally is regu- 

 lar; rarely there are irregular grains with lateral, nipple-like jirotuberances near or at the proximal 

 end, as noted for T. hageri. The conspicuous forms in 

 the large grains vary from the elongated triangular with 

 curved base and rounded angles to somewhat pyriform, 

 broadly triangular, and clam-shell-shaped. The smallest 

 grains are generally pyriform, slightly flattened ellipsoidal, 

 ovoid, and round. The grains are flattened, and when 

 viewed on edge they are frequently seen to be narrower 

 at the distal end. 



The hilum is a round refractive spot, with range of 

 eccentricity from oue-sixth to one-fifth, in most one- 

 sixth, of the longitudinal axis. A sliort, transverse fissure 

 through the distal margin of the liilum is often observed. 



The larnellcE are not very distinct and frequently 

 not demonstrable near the hilum, excepting one or two 

 complete rings immediately surrounding it. Usually one, 

 sometimes two or three, rather coarse, refractive lamellae 

 appear at varying distances from the hilum. They are 

 often coarser and more distinct near the distal end than 

 near the hilum. When demonstrable at the hilum they 

 are concentric rings, but near the side and distal end they 



have the outline of the gi-ain and are probably incomplete. The lamellae are occasionally fairly dis- 

 tinct throughout the length of most of the grain and in such cases 40 to 46 of them have been counted. 



The size of the smaller grains is 6 by 6m; the larger, elongated forms are 55 by 40^; the broad- 

 ened grains 42 by 40^ in length and breadth. The common size of the elongated grains is 39 by 30yu 

 and of the broadened grains 34 by 33/j in lenglh and breadth. 



Polariscopic Properties. The figure is generally eccentric. It is usually distinct and fairly 

 clear-cut, but varies considerably in this respect. The lines of the figure are straight, thick, and 

 somewhat expanded at the distal and proximal margins. They are rarely bent or bisected. The 

 figure is the same as in T. hageri. 



The degree of polarization as fairly high. It varies considerably in different grains and in the 

 same aspect of a given gi-ain. It is nut so high as T. hageri. 



With selenite the quadrants are fairly well defined, fairly regular in shape, and unequal in 

 size. The blue is quite pure, the yellow not pure, as in T. hageri. 



Iodine Reactions. With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains color a deep blue-violet; 

 with 0.125 per cent solution they color fairly and the color deepens rapidly. The color is slightly 

 more than that of the grains of T hageri. After hi>ating in water until all the grains are completely 

 gelatinized, the solution and the swollen gi-ains color deeply on the addition of iodine. After boil- 



Curve of Reaction-Intensities of Starch of Tulipa greigi. 



