GENUS HYACINTHUS. 



575 



Differentiation of Certain Starches of the Genus Hyacinthus. Coiitinueil. 



Histological Characteristics.- 

 Size. 



-Continucil 



//. orientalis var. ulha siipefbissiiua: From 3 to 34^i, coin- 

 mouly 2{i;j. 



//. orientalis var. alliuliis (.white) : From 3 to 40^, com- 

 monly 22/1. 



//. orientalis var. albnlus (Italian) : From -t to 32;u, com- 

 monly 2Qfi. 



POL.A^RISCOPIC PrOPERTIE.S. 



Figure. 



II. orientalis var. alba superbissima: Eccentric, e.xcept in 

 the ovoid forms, fairlj' clear-cut lines broad, usu- 

 ally straight. Double and multiple figures may be 

 observed. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (white): Essentially the same 

 as in //. orientalis var. alba supertns.timn, but the 

 centric figure is less frequent, the hnes more often 

 bent, and the double and multiple figures not so 

 distinct. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (Italian) ; Same as in H. orientalis 

 var. albulus (white). 



Degree of Polarization. 



II. orientalis var. alba superbissima: High. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (white): High, the same as in H. 

 orientalis var. alba superbissima, but with larger pro- 

 portion of grains in which polarization is very high. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (Italian): High, about the .same 

 as in //. orientalis var. alba superbissima. 



Polarization with Selenite Quadrants and Colors. 



II . orientalis var. alba superbissima: Quadrants fairly well 

 defined, usually somewhat irregular in shape and 

 unequal in size. Generally pure. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (white): Quadrants fairly well 

 defined, not quite so clear-cut and rather more ir- 

 regular than in H. orientalis var. alba superbissima. 

 Generally pure. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (Italian) : Quadrants essentially 

 the same as in H. orientalis var. albulus (white). 

 Generally pure. 



Iodine Reactions. 

 Intensity and Color. 



II. orientalis vai'. alba superbissima: Fairly deep; blue- 

 violet. 



H. orientalis var. albulus (white) : Fairly deep, about the 

 same as in H. orientalis var. alba superbissima; blue- 

 violet . 



//. orientalis var. albulus (Italian): Fairly deep, lighter 

 and a little more reddish than //. orientalis var. 

 alba superbissima; blue-violet. 



Stainino Reactions. 



With Gentian Violet. 



II. orientalis var. alba superbissima: Light. 



H. orientalis var. albulus (white): Light, slightly deeper 



than in //. orientalis var. alba superbissima. 

 II. orientalis var. albulus (Italian) : Light, about the same 



as in H. orienlulis var. alba superbissima. 



Staining Re.a.ction8. Continued. 



With Safranin. 



II. iiricn'.alis var. alba superbissima: Light. 



//. orientalis var albulus (white): Light, slightly deeper 



than in //. orientalis var. alba superbissima. 

 H. orientalis var. albulus (ItaUan) : Light, about the same 



as in H. orientalis var. alba superbissima. 



Te.\iper.\ture op Gelatiniz.\tion. 



//. orientalis var. alba superbissima: 66 to 68 C.,mean 67. 

 //. orientalis var. albulus (white) : 68 to 70 C, mean 69. 

 H. orientalis var. albulus (Italian): 69 to 70 C, mean 

 69.5. 



Effects of Various Reagents. 

 Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. 



H. orientalis ^ar. alba superbissima: Begins in 30 seconds; 



complete in nearly all in 5 minutes. 

 //. orientalis var. albulus (white): Begins immediafclj'; 



complete in nearly all in 5 minutes. 

 //. orientalis var. albulus (Itahan): Begins immediately; 



complete in the majority in 5 minutes, and nearly 



all in 15 minutes. 



Reaction with Chromic Acid. 



II. orientalis var. alba superbissima: Begins at once; com- 

 plete in nearly all in IH minutes, and in all in 2 

 minutes. 



II . orientalis var. albulus (white): Begins at once; com- 

 plete in nearly all in 1 J^ minutes, and in all in 2}^i 

 minutes. 



H. orientalis var. albulus (Italian): Begins at once; com- 

 plete in the majority in 2 minutes, and in all in 3 

 minutes. 



Reaction with Pyrogallic Acid. 



II. orientalis var. alba superbissima: Begins at once; com- 

 plete in nearly all in 30 seconds, and in all in 60 

 seconds. 



H. orietdalis var. albulus (wliite): Begins at once; com- 

 plete in a majority in 30 seconds, and in all in 45 

 seconds. 



H. orientalis var. albulus (ItaUan): Begins at once; com- 

 plete in many in 30 seconds, and in all in 60 seconds. 



Reaction unth Ferric Chloride. 



H. orientalis var. alba superbismna: Begins at once; com- 

 plete in nearly all in 10 minutes. 



H. orientalis var. albulus (white): Begins at once; com- 

 plete in nearly all in 8 minutes. 



H. orientalis var. albulus (Italian): Begins at once; com- 

 plete in nearly all in 13 minutes. 



Reaction with Purdy's Solution. 



H. orientalis var. alba superbissima: Begins at once; 

 nearly complete in all in 30 minutes; incomplete 

 in 1 hour. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (white): Begins at once; com- 

 plete or nearlj- complete in three-fourths in 30 

 minutes; incomplete in 1 hour. 



//. orientalis var. albulus (Itahan): Begins at once; eom- 

 lilete or nearly complete in two-thirds in 30 min- 

 utes; incomplete in 1 hour. 



NOTES ON THE STARCHES OF HYACINTHUS. 



The starches examined were obtained from varieties or forms of the conmion hjacinth (H. 

 orientalis Liau.), and are .so alike in their histologieal properties that it would be verj- difficult or 

 impossible to make a tliagnosis upon this basis. They also closelj' agree in their reactions, yet vary 

 sufficiently and individually to make possible the differentiation of one from another. 



