GENUS MUSCARI. 



587 



Staining Reactions. With gentian violet the grains begin to stain at once and in 30 minutes 

 are tleeply stained, slightly more than M. hotryoidvs. 



With safmnin the grains begin to stain at ouce and in 30 minutes are fairly deeply stained, 

 slightly more than M. hotryoides. 



Temperature Reaction. The temperature of gelatinization is 67 to 69 C, mean 68. 



Effects of Various Reagents. With chloral hydrate-iodine reaction begins in most grains in a 

 minute. It is over in two-thirds in 8 minutes, in almost all in 17 minutes, and in all in 30 minutes. 

 It is qualitatively the same as that of the grains of M. hotryoides. 



The reaction with chromic acid begins in some grains at ouce and in all in 30 seconds, and is 

 over in 3 minutes. It is qualitatively the same as that of the grains of M. bolryoides. 



Reaction with pyrogallic acid begins in 30 seconds and is over in 6 minutes. It is the same quali- 

 tatively as that of the grains of M. hotryoides. 



Reaction with ferric chloride begins in a few grains in 11^ minutes. About four-fifths are gelatin- 

 ized in 20 minutes and all in 35 minutes. The reaction is quahtatively the same as that of the grains 

 of M. hotryoides. 



With Purdy's solution the reaction begins in most grains in 45 seconds. About half are par- 

 tially gelatinized in 6 minutes, one-third are nearly and two-thirds completely gelatinized in 25 

 minutes. The reaction is not complete in an hour. The reaction is the same qualitatively as that 

 of the grains of M. hotryoides. 



Differentiation of Certain Starches of the Genus Muscari. 

 Histological Characteristics. I HiSTOLoaiCAL Characteristics. Continued. 



Conspicuous Forms. 



M. bolryoides: Usually simple and isolated, compound 

 grains and aggregates in the form of doublets, 

 outline usually quite regular, occasionally protu- 

 berances mostly at distal end, occasionally one or 

 more pressure facets. Round, oval to ovoid, and 

 elara-shell-shaped . 



M. paradoxum: Essentially the same as in M. hotryoides, 

 but with greater tendency to the oval type. 



A/, micranthum: Essentially the same as in M. hotryoides, 

 but smaller. 



M. conicum: Essentially the same as in M. hotryoides, 

 but with greater tendency to the oval type. 



M. commutalum: Essentially the same as in M. hotry- 

 oides, but with a tendency to the spheroid and 

 oval types and much smaller grains. 



M. racemosum: Essentially the same as in M. hotryoides, 

 but with a marked tendency to the spherical form 

 and much smaller grains. 



M. compactuni: Essentially the same as in M. hotryoides, 

 but a much larger proportion of medium-sized 

 grains. 



71/. conwsum: Essentially the same as in M. hotryoides, 

 but a markedly great tendency to oval, elliptical 

 and clam-shell types. 



Hilum Form, Numher, and Position. 



M. hotryoides: Form distinct, fairly large, round or oval; 

 rarely fissured, fissure single, short., transverse or 

 longitudinal. Position centric or eccentric 0.33 to 

 0.40 of longitudinal axis. 



M. paradoxum: Form flistinct, fairly large, round or 

 oval, single, double or multiple; usually fissured, 

 single transverse or longitudinal, straight or 

 curved, or 2 or more ragged or clean-cut. Position 

 centric or eccentric 0.40 to 0.33 of longitudinal axis. 



M. micranthum: Form essentially the same as in M. 

 hotryoides, except that fissuration ia less rare. 

 Position centric or eccentric 0.25 to 0.4-1, usually 

 0.33, of longitudinal axis. 



M. conicum: Form essentially the same as in M. holry- 

 oitles. Position centric or eccentric 0.40 to 0.33 of 

 longitudinal a.xis. 



M. commutatum: Form essentially the same as in A/. 6o<r!/- 

 oides, but fissuration is frefjuent. Position centric, 

 or eccentric 0.44 to 0.33 of longitudinal axis. 



Hilum Form, Number, and Position. Continued. 



M. racemosum: Form essentially the same as in M. hotry- 

 oides, but the hilum is less often seen. Position 

 centric, or eccentric 0.40 to 0.33 of longitudinal 

 axis. 



M. compactum: Form essentially the same as in M. bolry- 

 oides, but fissuration is common. Position centric, 

 or eccentric 0.40 to 0.25 of longitudinal axis. 



M. comosum: Form essentially the same as in M. bolry- 

 oides, but the hilum is generally fissured. Position 

 centric, or eccentric 0.40 to 0.25 of longitudinal 

 axis. 



Lamellce General Characteristics and Number. 



M. hotryoides: Fairly distinct, fine, regular, usually com- 

 plete circles or ellipses. 10 to 14 on larger grains. 



M. paradoxum: Rather distinct, coarse, usually complete 

 and regular rings or eUipses. 6 to 10 on larger 

 grains. 



M. micranthum: Fairly distinct, rather fine, complete, 

 usually regular circles or ellipses. 14 on larger 

 grains. 



M. cotiicum: Fairly distinct, rather coarse, complete, 

 usually regular circles or ellipses. 13 on larger 

 grains. 



M. comnudatum: Rather indistinct, coarse, usually com- 

 plete regular rings. Not determined. 



M. racemosum: Distinct, rather coarse, usually com- 

 plete, regular or irregular. 10 to 12 on larger 

 grains. 



M. compactum: Distinct, rather coarse, usually complete 

 regular or irregular. 18 on larger grains. 



M. comosum: Rather fine, fairly distinct, usually regular 

 and usually complete circles or ellipses. 14 to 15 

 on larger grains. 



Size. 



M. hotryoides: From 3 to 50;u, commonly 20^. 

 M. paradoxum: From to 34/j, commonly 24;j. 

 M. micranthum: From 4 to 34m, commonly 20^. 

 AI. conicum: From G to 40m, commonly 28^. 

 M. commutalum: J^rom 4 to 34^, commonly 19^. 

 M. racemosum: From 4 to 34^, commonly 19/j. 

 M. compactum: From 4 to 42/i, commonly 24^. 

 M. comosum: From 4 to 32^, commonly 24/i. 



