622 



STARCHES OF CONVALLARIACE^. 



Differentiation of Certain Starches 

 Effects of Various Reagents. 

 Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. 



T. grandiftorum: Begins at once; complete in nearly all 



in 45 seconds. 

 T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete in 45 seconds. 

 T. sessile var. californicum: Begins at once; complete in 



45 seconds. 



Reaction utith Chromic Acid. 



T. grandijlormn: Begins at once; complete in 14 sec- 

 onds. 



T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete in 11 seconds. 



T. sessile var. californicum: Begins at once; complete in 

 13 seconds. 



Reaction with PyrogaUic Acid. 



T. grandiflorum: Begins at once; complete in 45 seconds. 

 T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete in 60 seconds. 



of the Genus Trillium. Continued. 



Effects of Various Reagents. Continued. 



Reaction with PyrogaUic Acid. Contmued. 



T. sessile var. californicum: Begins at once; complete in 

 25 seconds. 



Reaction with Ferric Chloride. 



T. grandiflorum: Begins in many in IS seconds; complete 

 in 5 minutes. 



T. ovatum: Begins in many at once; complete in 3 min- 

 utes. 



T. sessile var. californicum: Begins in some in a very few 

 seconds; complete in 6 minutes. 



Reaction with Purdy's Solution. 



T. grandiflorum: Begins at once; complete in 10 seconds. 

 T. ovatum: Begins at once; complete in 15 seconds. 

 T. sessile var. californicHm: Begins at once; complete in 

 22 seconds. 



Chart No. 204. 



Curve of Reaction-Intensities of Stare 

 var. californicum 



hof 



MINUTES 

 Trillium sessile 



Composite Curve of Mean Reaction-Intenaities of 

 Starches of Trillium. 



NOTES ON THE STARCHES OF TRILLIUM. 



The Trillium starches are so alike in their histological characteristics that, apart from the 

 relatively greater abundance of elliptical grains in T. ovatiim and the larger average size of the grains 

 of T. grandiflorum, they are practically indistinguishable, unless perhaps by very detailed study. 

 In the reactions they vary within narrow limits, the most important differences being noted in the 

 temperatures of gelatinization (58, 56.75 and 55, respectively), and in their sensitivities in rela- 

 tion to pyrogallic acid, ferric chloride, and Purdy's solution. 



NOTES ON THE STARCHES OF CONVALLARIACE^. (Chart 205.) 



There are very close resemblances between the small grains of Convallaria and the starches of 

 Trillium. The very large grains of the former are comparatively few in number, and distinctly 

 different histologically and polariscopically, and in their reaction intensities. The starch of Con- 

 vallaria (small grains) has a lower degree of polarization and a lower reaction with iodine, and a 

 higher temperature of gelatinization (61 and 56.58, respectively, a difference of 4.42), and more 

 sensitivity to all of the chemical reagents. The reaction curves are very much alike, indicating a 

 close botanical relationship between the two genera. 



