720 



STARCHES OF IRIDACE^. 



Differentiation of Certain Starches of the Genus Gladiolus. Continued. 



Histological Chaeacteristics. Continued. 

 Hilum Form, Number, and Position. 



G. hyzanlinus: Form usually not distinct, comparatively 

 large, single round sjiot, not fissured. Position 

 centric or eccentric to about 0.40 of the longitud- 

 inal axis. 



G. primulinus: Form fairly distinct, large, round spot, 

 single, never fissured. Position usually centric. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Form fairly distinct, 

 comparatively large, round spot, single, never fis- 

 sured, rarely double. Position centric or eccentric 

 to about 0.40 of the longitudinal axis. 



G. floribundus: Form fairly distinct, large, round spot, 

 single, never fissured. Position centric or eccentric 

 to about 0.40 or more of the longitudinal axis. 



LamellcE General Characteristics and Number. 



G. hyzantinus: Not distinct, regular, coarse rings follow- 

 ing outline of margin. 6 on larger grains. 



G. primulinus: Invisible. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Not very distinct, 

 regular, coarse rings. 6 to 8 on larger grains. 



G. floribundus: Invisible. 



Size. 



G. byzantinus: From 3 to 26m, commonly 16^. 

 G. primulinus: From 2 to 14m, commonly 10m- 

 G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): From 3 to 37m, com- 

 monly 30m. 

 G. floribundus: From 2 to 12m, commonly 8m. 



PoLABiscopic Properties. 



Figure. 



G. byzantinus: Centric or somewhat eccentric, distinct, 



not entirely clear-cut, slight irregularities. 

 G. primulinus: Essentially the same as in G. byzantinus, 



but the form is usually centric. 

 G. eardinalis v.ar. {Blushing Bride): Essentially the same 



as in G. byzantinus, double and triple figures 



common. 

 G. floribundus: Essentially the same as in G. byzantinus. 



Degree of Polarization. 



G. byzantinus: Fairly high, very variable. 



G. priinulinus: Fair, not very variable, lower than in 



G. byzantinus. 

 G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): High, not very 



variable, higher than in G. byzantinus. 

 G. floribundus: Fairly high, not very variable, not quite 



so high as in G. byzantinus. 



Polarization with Selenite Quadrants and Colors. 



G. byzantinus: Quadrants generally well defined, irregu- 

 lar in shape, unequal in size. Colors often pure. 



G. primulinus: Quadi-ants usually fairly well defined, 

 regular, and nearly equal in size. Colors fairly pure. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Quadrants well 

 defined, regular, nearly equal in size. Colors 

 fairly pure. 



G. floribundus: Quadrants usually well defined, regular, 

 nearly equal in size. Colors fairly pure. 



loDiNi: Reaction.s. 

 Intensity and Color. 



G. byzantinus: Fairly deep; violet. 



G. primulinus: Fairly deep, but less than in G. byzan- 

 tinus; violet. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Fairly deep, shghtly 

 deeper than in G. byzantinus; violet. 



G. floribundus: Fairly deep, the same as in G. byzantinus; 

 violet. 



Staining Reactions. 

 With Gentian Violet. 

 G. byzantinus: Very light. 



G. primulinus: Very light, lighter than in G. byzantinus. 

 O. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Fair, deejjer than in 



0. byzantinus. 

 G. floribundus: Very light, lighter than in G. byzantinus. 



With Safranin. 



G. byzantinus: Fair. 



G. primulinus: Light, distinctly less than in G. byzan- 

 tinus. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Fair, about the same 

 as in G. byzantinus. 



G. floribundus: Fair, but slightly less than in G. byzan- 

 tinus. 



Temperature of Gelatinization. 

 G. byzantinus: 78 to 79 C, mean 78.5. 

 G. primulinus: 80 to 82 C, mean 81. 

 O. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): 80 to 81 C, mean 



80.5. 

 G. floribundus: 76 to 77 C, mean 76.5. 



Effects op Various Reagents. 

 Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. 



G. byzantinus: Begins in most grains in 2 minutes; com- 

 plete in three-fourths in 75 minutes. 



G. primulinus: Begins in some grains in 30 seconds; com- 

 plete in thiee-fourths in 105 minutes. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Begins in many grains 

 in \]/2 minutes; complete in three-fourths in 40 

 minutes. 



G. floribundus: Begins in many grains in a minute; com- 

 plete in all in 15 minutes. 



Reaction with Chromic Acid. 

 G. byzantinus: Begins in a minute; complete in 7 minutes. 

 G. primulinus: Begins in 2 minutes; complete in 5 



minutes. 

 G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride) : Begins in 45 seconds ; 



complete in 4 minutes. 

 G. floribundus: Begins in 30 seconds; complete in 3J^ 



minutes. 



Reaction with PyrogalUc Acid. 

 G. byzantinus: Begins in many grains in a minute; com- 

 plete in nearly all in 30 minutes. 

 G. primulinus: Begins slightly in a few in 2 minutes; 



some completely gelatinized in 35 minutes, others 



partially. 

 G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Begins in all the 



grains in a minute; complete in all in 22 minutes. 

 G. floribundus: Begins in a minute; complete in all in 



15 minutes. 



Reaction with Ferric Chloride. 



G. byzantinus: Begins in a few grains in a minute; com- 

 plete in all in 45 minutes. 



G. primulinus: Begins in a few grains in a minute; com- 

 plete in all in 25 minutes. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Begins in a few grains 

 in a muiute; complete in all in 45 minutes. 



G. floribundus: Begins in a few grains in a minute; com- 

 plete in all in 23 minutes. 



Reaction ivitk Purdy's Solution. 



G. byzantinus: Begins in a few grains in a minute; no 

 further change. 



G. primulinus: No reaction. 



G. eardinalis var. {Blushing Bride): Slight in many grains 

 in a minute; all the grains are beginning to be 

 gelatinized in 45 minutes. 



G. floribumlus: Begins in a few grains in a minute; about 

 half of the grains are partially gelatinized, and the 

 rest beginning to be gelatinized, in 20 minutes. 



