GENUS FREESIA. 



739 



With selenite the quadrants are sharply defined, fairly regular in shape, but unequal in size. 

 The colors are fairly pure. 



Iodine Reactions. With 0.25 per cent Lugol's solution the grains color a deep blue-violet; 

 with 0.125 per cent solution they tint lightly at first, but deeper than the grains of Freesia rcfrada 

 var. alba. After heating in water until the grains are completely gelatinized the solution colors 

 deep indigo with iodine, while the grains are in general lightly colored. The swollen grains are 

 rounded bat not much distorted. After boiling for 2 minutes the solution colors much more deeply, 

 but the grain-residues, as a rule, do not color. With excess of iodine the capsules are colored red- 

 violet. The grains are much distorted and many have been reduced to crumpled, granular masses. 



Staining Reactions. With gentian violet the grains begin to stain in 3 minutes and after 30 

 minutes are fairly stained, slightly deeper than the grains of F. refracta var. alba. 



With sajranin the grains begin to stain in 2 minutes and after 30 minutes are fairly stained, 

 more deeply than the grains of F. refracta var. alba. 



Tem-perature Reaction. The temperature of gelatinization is 76.5 to 78 C, mean 77.25. 



Effects of Various Reagents. With chloral hydrate-iodine reaction begins in 23^ minutes in 

 two-thirds of the grains and is practically over in all in 30 minutes. It is qualitatively the same as 

 that of the grains of F. refracta var. alba. 



With chromic acid some grains are dissolved in 1}4 minutes and all in 3 minutes. The reaction 

 is qualitatively the same as that of the grains of F. refracta var. alba. 



The reaction with pyrogallic acid begins in 2 minutes, and all the grains are partially and half 

 completely gelatinized in 20 minutes. This reaction is qualitatively the same as that of the grains 

 of F. refracta var. alba. 



The reaction with ferric chloride begins in some grains in 23-2 minutes and is complete in 30 

 minutes. It is qualitatively the same as that of the grains of F. refracta var. alba. 



Reaction with Purdy's solution begins in some grains in 234 minutes and is over in half the 

 grains in 30 minutes. It is qualitatively the same as that of the grains of F. refracta var. alba. 



Differentiation of Certain Starches of the Genus Freesia. 



Histological Chas.\cteristics. 

 Conspicuous Forms. 



F. refracta var. alba: Simple, isolated and in aggregates 

 of 2 or more components, isolated grains have 

 pressure facets. Hemispherical with 1 to 3 facets 

 at base. 



F. refracta var. leichilinii: Same as in F. refracta var. 

 alba. 



Hilum Form, Number, and Position. 

 F. refracta var. alba: Form fairly distinct, relatively 



large round spot; may be double, rarely fissured. 



Position usually centric. 

 F. refracta var. leichilinii: Form same as in F. refracta 



var. alba. Position usually centric. 



Lamellae General Characteristics and Number. 



F. refracta var. alba: Rather indistinct, fine, regular, 

 concentric rings. 10 to 12 on medium-sized grains. 



F. refracta var. leichtlinii: The same as in F. refracta 

 var. alba. 10 to 12 on medium-sized grains. 



Size. 

 F. refracta var. alba: From 2 to IS^i, commonly 12/;i. 

 F. refracta var. leichtlinii: From 2 to 19/j, commonly 10/i. 



PoLARiscopic Properties. 



Figure. 



F. refracta var. alba: Usually centric, distinct, fairl\ 



clear-cut, regular. 

 F. refracta var. leichtlinii: Same as in F. refracta var. 

 alha. 



Degree of Polarization. 



F. refracta var. alba: Fairly high, somewhat variable. 

 F. refracta var. leichilinii: Same as in F. refracta var. 

 olba. I 



PoLARiscoPic Properties. Continued. 

 Polarization vnth Selenite Quadrants and Colors. 



F. refracta var. alba: Quadrants sharply defined, fairly 

 regular, unequal in size. Colors fairly pure. 



F. refracta var. leichtlinii: Quadrants the same as in 

 F. refracta var. alba. Colors fairly pure. 



Iodine Reactions. 



Intensity and Color. 

 F. refracta var. alba: Deep; blue-\'iolet. 

 F. refracta var. leichtlinii: Deep, more than in F. 

 refracta var. alba; blue-violet. 



St.uninq Reactions. 

 With Gentian Violet. 

 F. refracta var. alba: Fair. 



F. refracta var. leichtlinii: Fair, slightly deeper than in 

 F. refracta var. alba. 



With Safranin. 



F. refracta var. alba: Light. 



F. refracta var. leichtlinii: Light, slightly deeper than 

 in F. refracta var. alba. 



Temperature of Gelatinization. 



F. refracta var. alba: 76 to 77..5 C, mean 76.75. 



F. refracta var. leichtlinii: 76.5 to 78 C, mean 77.25. 



Effects op Various Reagents. 

 Reaction with Chloral Hydrate-Iodine. 

 F. refracta var. alba: Begins in 30 seconds, general in 

 2 minutes; complete in three-fourths of the grains 

 in 30 minutes; remaining one-fourth not affected. 

 F. refracta var. leichtlinii: Begins in 2}^ minutes in two- 

 thirds of the grains; complete in most in 30 minutes; 

 not fully complete in an hour. 



