CONTENTS. 



PAGE. 



INTRODUCTION 1 



Work of Chambers 1 



Work of Chambers and Frazer 3 



Earlier Work of Getman 



Freezing-point Apparatus 4 



Conductivity Apparatus 5 



Solutions 7 



Freezing-point Method 7 



Conductivity Method 8 



Boiling-point Method 8 



Refractivity Method 8 



Substances Employed in Earlier Work 9 



Results Obtained in Earlier Work 9 



Conclusions from the Earlier Work 14 



WORK OF GETMAN AND BASSETT 10 



EVIDENCE FOR THE EXISTENCE or HYDRATES 17 



Effect of Temperature on Water of Crystallization as Bearing on the 



Theory of Hydrates in Solution 17 



Relation between Water of Crystallization and Lowering of Freezing- 

 point 20 



Experimental Work 26 



CALCULATION OF THE APPROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF THE HYDRATES 28 



The Results 28 



COMPOUNDS THAT HAVE BEEN STUDIED 30 



Lithium Chloride 30 



Lithium Bromide 31 



Lithium Iodide 32 



Lithium Nitrate 32 



Sodium Chloride 33 



Sodium Bromide 34 



Sodium Iodide 35 



Sodium Nitrate 36 



Sodium Sulphate 36 



Sodium Carbonate 37 



Sodium Chromate 37 



Sodium Bichromate 38 



Sodium Phosphate 39 



Sodium Ammonium Acid Phosphate 40 



Sodium Acetate 41 



Sodium Hydroxide 41 



Potassium Chloride 42 



Potassium Bromide 43 



Potassium Iodide 43 



Potassium Nitrate 44 



Potassium Sulphate 44 



Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate 45 



V 



