204 



HYDRATES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION. 



solution of the scries was 14 days. The average value of the first six numbers 

 in the last column of table 104 is 2.18 and the mean of the next five num- 

 bers is 0.76. Hence, the same increase with time of the number of particles 

 which took part in the lowering of the freezing-point was observed for the 

 solutions containing both cobalt chloride and calcium chloride, as was 

 pointed out in connection with table 1 for the solutions containing the 

 chlorides of cobalt and of calcium. The solutions having the concentra- 

 tions 3.143, 3.313, and 3.938 became very viscous jellies near their freezing- 

 points, and hence it was not possible to determine the temperatures of 

 these points with even a reasonable degree of accuracy. For this reason two 

 of the numbers in table 104 are inclosed in parentheses. Salt separated out 

 when the attempt was made to ascertain the order of magnitude of the 

 freezing-point lowering produced by the most concentrated solution. All 

 of the most concentrated solutions were blue at room temperature, but they 

 were of the characteristic cobalt rose color in the neighborhood of their 

 respective freezing-points. 



Table 105 gives the electrical conductivities at zero degrees of the solutions 

 of cobalt chloride and calcium bromide. As formerly, the conductivity 

 data are expressed in reciprocal ohms and reciprocal centimeters. 



TABLE 105. 



The dependence of the conductivity upon the concentration of the calcium 

 bromide is shown graphically by fig. 73. The abscissae denote concentra- 

 tions of the dehydrating agents, and the ordinates give the corresponding 

 conductivities. The concentration of the cobalt chloride was the constant 



0.271. 



The maximum in the curve for the solutions containing the bromide was 

 even more pronounced than it was for the curve pertaining to the solutions 

 of the chloride of calcium. Moreover, these two maxima occur at roughly 

 the same concentration, i. e., at about 2.5 and 2.4 for the solutions contain- 

 ing the chloride and bromide, respectively. 



