142 



The Canadian Field-Naturalist 



[Vol. XXXIV. 



(Aralia hispida), enchanter's nightshade (Circaea 

 alpina), yellow Clintonia (Clinionia borealis), 

 painted trillium (Trillium undulatum), large coral 

 root (Corallorhiza maculata), shin-leafs (Pyrola 

 ellipiica, P. cholorantha, P. minor), false-lily of 

 valley, (Maianthemum canadense) and twisted 

 stalk (Sirepiopus). 



In and around the peat bog were (Cypripedium 

 acaule) both normal pink, and albino yellow-pet- 

 alled specimens, small greenwood orchis (Haben- 

 aria clavellala), small northern bog orchis (H. 

 ohlusaia), rattlesnake plantain (Epipactis puhes- 

 cens), nodding ladies' tresses (Spiranihes cernua), 

 multitudes of grass pink (Calopogon pulchellus) 

 and rose pogonia (Pogonia ophioglossoides), gold- 

 thread (Coplis irifolia), creeping snow-berry (Chio- 

 gcnes hispudula), dwarf raspberry (Rubus Iriflorus), 

 Dalibarda (D. repens), both cranberries, three- 

 leaved Solomon's seal (Smilacina trifolia), arbutus 

 (E. repens), masses of horned bladderwort (Ulri- 

 cularia cornula), lance-leaved violet (Viola lance- 

 olata), naked bishop's cap (Milella nuda), Indian 

 cucumber-root (Medeola virginiana) and Aster 

 junceus, spatulate and round-leaved sundews 

 (Drosera intermedia and D. rotundifolia), and 

 Canadian and marsh St. John's wort (Hypericum 

 canadense, Triadenum virginicum). 



On the more open hillside opposite camp and 

 toward Dorset were narrow-leaved gentians (Qen- 

 iiana linearis) and the northern bed straw (Galium 

 boreale). 



The mammals are decidedly of Canadian affinity, 

 but with the rare appearance of wildcat, raccoon, 

 black squirrel, transition zone influences enter. 



In the birds more transitional forms appear rare- 

 ly or sparingly, toward Dorset, southward and 

 westward to wit: towhee, woodthrush, yellow- 

 throated vireo, Baltimore oriole, catbird, whippoor- 

 will, least flycatcher, indigobird, yellow warbler, 

 parula warbler, red-headed woodpecker, Maryland 

 yellow-throat. 



Thus in trees, herbaceous under-cover, birds and 

 mammals there is close agreement in the preponder- 

 ance of Canadian forms. At Otter Lake and 

 northward, the incursion of the transition element 

 is not so pronounced as at Huntsville, where rail- 

 road and other civilized encroachments play a 

 greater role. The ride from Huntsville to Dorset 

 and thence by foot to Otter lake emphasizes this 

 difference to the trained observer. 



To such as might wish to know what ferns we 

 casually observed the list is: 



Woodsia Ilvensis 



Osmunda Claytoniana 



Onoclea sensibilis < 



Osmunda cinnanomea 



Osmunda regalis 

 Dic\sonia punctilobula 

 Polystichum acrostichoides 

 Aspidium noveboracense 

 Aspidium cristatum 

 Aspidium marginalis 

 Asplenium Filix-femina 

 Pteris aquilina 

 Polypodium vulgare 

 Phegopieris polypodioides 

 Phegopteris hexagonoptera 

 Phegopteris Dryopleris. 



II. THE FISH. 

 By a. H. Wright. 

 The present list of sixteen species reveals the 

 scanty variety of the Highlands of Ontario. Sev- 

 eral of these are introduced species. Others are 

 stock introduced to replenish the supply of the 

 waning species in this series of lakes which are 

 two hundred or more feet higher than the Muskoka 

 group. The decided barriers do not permit incur- 

 sions from the great variety of the Great Lakes. 

 The region, however, abounds in individuals of 

 the few game species it possesses. For comparison, 

 we have employed Meek's' results in the Highlands 

 of Ontario. He began at Hawkestone and Orillia 

 on Lake Simcoe and followed the Grand Trunk 

 railroad through Gravenhurst (Muskoka lakes) to 

 Trout Creek and North Bay (Lake Nipissing). 

 All the way northward the railroad bears away 

 from Georgian bay and the stations he successively 

 came to were successively farther away from it in 

 barriers, etc. Lake Simcoe and the Muskoka lakes 

 are much nearer Georgian bay and Lake Ontario 

 than Lake of Bays or Otter lake. Hence the Great 

 Lakes' complexion of Lake Simcoe with silversided 

 minnow (N . atherinoides), log perch (Percina cap- 

 rodes zebra), spot-tailed minnow (Notropis hud- 

 sonius), silvery minnow (Hybognathus nuchalis), 

 trout-perch (Pcrcopsis omiscomaycus) and long- 

 nosed dace (Rhinichthys cataractae), or Moon riv- 

 er just below Muskoka lake (Bala) with log perch, 

 spot-tail minnow and silvery minnow. Such species 

 are never to be expected in Otter lake unless intro- 

 duced or unless it was geologically connected with 

 the Great Lakes. Otter Lake seems rnore compar- 

 able to Trout Creek. The former has sucker, 

 horned dace, red-bellied dace, fathead, Cope's min- 

 now, shiner, brook trout, pumpkin seed; the latter 

 has suckers, horned dace, red-bellied dace, fat- 

 head, blunthead, shiner, brook trout, brook stickle- 

 back, nine-spined stickleback and pumpkin seed. 



(1) Meek, S. E. Field Columbian Museum Zoo- 

 logical Series, Volume I., No. 17., Publ. 41. Novem- 

 ber, 1&99, pp. 307-311 and Volume III., No. 7, Publ. 

 67, July, 1902, pp. 131-140. 



