BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. 



Of the Japanese algae in this group the following, according to Rein (pp. 81-82), 

 deserve special mention : 



(10.) G. cartilagincum Gail. 



(ir.) G. rigidiim Grev. ; Jap. Tosaka-nori, i.e., 



(i.) Chondrus ftinctatus Sur. 



(2.) Gigartina tenclla Harvey; Jap. Ogo. 



(3.) G. intermedia Sur. 



(4.) Gloiopeltis tcna.v Kg. (Sfhaerococcus 

 lena.r Ag.) 



(5.) 67. capillaris Sur.; Jap. Shiraga-nori. 



(6.) Gl. coliformis Ha. ; Jap. Kek'Kai. 



(/) Gl. iiitricata Sur. ; Jap. Fu-nori. 



(8.) Gelidium contemn Lamouroux; Jap. 

 Tokoroten-gusa. 



(a) (7. .-{inansii Lamour. 



confcrvoidcs A. ; Jap. 

 flabcllifonnis Harv. ; 



cockscomb algx. 



(12.) Sfhaerococcus 

 S'hiramo. 



(13.) Gymnogongrus 

 Jap. IIome-iK>ri. 



(14.) G. japonicus, Sur.; Jap. Tsuno-mata. 



(15.) Kallyiiienia dcntata; Jap. Tosaka-nori. 



(16.) Porfliyra rulgaris Ag. ; Jap. Asakusa- 

 nori. 



Fig. 30* 



Agar-agar is a neutral or nearly neutral substance which is converted by boil- 

 ing with water into a stiff jelly that hardens in i per cent solution at 39 to 40 C., 

 and is not easily liquefied either by the growth of organismsf or by heat less than 

 that of boiling water. It is a kind of vegetable glue forming a good matrix for 

 various nutrient substances. A chemical analysis by Karten (Descript. Cat. Int. 

 Health, Exhib., London, 1884) gave the following proximate composition : 11.71 per, 

 cent nitrogenous matter (albumen [?]), 62.05 per cent non-nitrogenous matter (evi- 

 dently glue, the pararabin of Reichardt), 3.44 per cent ashes, and 22.80 per cent water. 



*FiG. 30. Another form of agar-agar known to the Japanese as square " Kanten." The bulk of 

 this goes to Holland, where it is used for clarifying schnapps. Courtesy of Dr. Hugh M. Smith. 

 The actual size of these sticks is about 10*4 by 2!^ by i% .inches. 



tMetcalf has described a bacillus which slowly softens it, and *he writer has observed similar 

 phenomena. 



