224 



BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. 



('87). DAL Pozzo, D. Das Eiweiss der Kiebitzeier 

 als Nahrboden ftir Mikroorganismen. Med. 

 Jahrb. Jahrg., 1887, pp. 523-529; 



('87). ABBOTT, A. C. An improvement in .the method 

 of preparing blood serum for use in bac- 

 teriology. Medical News, 1887, vol. i, p. 

 207. Rev. in Centralb. f. Bakt., II Bd., 1887, 



PP. 424-425- 

 ('87). RASKIN, M. Zur Ziichtung der pathogenen 



Mdkroorganismen auf aus Milch bereiteten 



fcsten und durchsicbtigen Nahrboden, St. 



Petersburger med. Woclienschr, xn Jahrg., 



1887, pp. 357-360. 

 ('88). VON FREUDENREICH, E. Zur Bereitung des 



Agar-Agar. Centralb. f. Bakt., 1888, III 



Bd., pp. 797-798. 



Recommends filtering nutrient agar in the autoclave at 

 about i ioC. Time required 30 to 60 minutes. 



('88). VAN PUTEREN. Ueber die Herstellung von 

 festen Nahrboden aus Milch zu Mikro- 

 organismen Kulturen. (Russian.) 1888. 



('88). HUEPPE, FERDINAND. Ueber die Verwendung 

 von Eiern zu Kulturzwecken. Centralb. f. 

 Bakt., 1888, iv Bd., pp. 80-81. 



Cultures are made in the uncooked eggs after shaking 

 and proper surface sterilization. 



('88). Roux, E. De la culture sur pcwnme de terre. 



Ann. de 1'Inst. Pasteur, T. II, 1888, pp. 



28-30, 2 figs. 

 ('89). PETRI, R. J. Ueber den Gehalt der Nahrgela- 



itine an Salpetersaure. Centralb. f. Bakt., v 



Bd., 1889, pp. 457-460. 



Commercial gelatin generally contains nitrates in con- 

 siderable quantities. 



(>'ij). VOIGTLAENDER, FELIX. Ueber die Diffusion in 

 Agargallerte. Zeitschr. f. Physik. Chemie., 

 Bd. in, 1889, pp. 316-335- 



A study of some of the physical properties of agar. 

 The rate of diffusion of many acids and other substances 

 was determined. The conclusions are : 



1. The diffusion in agar jelly from watery solutions is 

 not disturbed by the process of imbibition. 



2. The validity of pick's law for dilute solutions was 

 amply demonstrated. 



3. The rapidity cf diffusion of a substance in different 

 concentrations of the agar jelly is the same. The diffusion 

 constants observed in the jelly are like those of water or 

 greater or less. 



4. With rise of the temperature the constant does not 

 increase in linear relation, but the amount of the salt 

 which enters in increases. 



('89). REIN, J. J. The industries of Japan; together 

 with an account of its agriculture, forestry, 

 arts, and commerce ; from travels and re- 

 searches undertaken at the 'cost of the Prus- 

 sian Government; with 44 illustrations and 

 3 maps. London, Rudder & Stoughton, 27 

 Paternoster Row, 1889, pp. xn, 570. 2d re- 

 vised German edition, 1905. 



The cartilaginous Florideie, particularly species and 

 varieties of Gigartineie, Caulacantheie, Gelide, Sphiero- 

 coccea;, and Tylocarpece, are distinguished for their high 

 proportion of pararabin, and furnish, with boiling water 

 algse-jelly. They are gathered in great quantity on all 

 the coasts of the Malay Archipelago and the waters of 

 China and Japan, and are utilized in part direct as food, 

 partly in the preparation of algii'-glue, Jap. Fu-nori, or 

 .illiM.-jelly, Jap. Kanteu. In trade these articles, both raw 

 and dried, and when further prepared, are designated by 

 the Malay word Agar-Agar, i. e., vegetable. This name 

 was originally applied to Gigartina (Eucheuma) isifor- 

 mis, G. spinosa, and G. tenax, which is collected near 

 Singapore, for example, in great masses, and shipped to 

 China. The Chinese use them not only for food but make 

 't them Hai-Thao, a transparent glue, with which they 

 stiffen silk and other stuffs, and also fill up the interstices 

 of coarse clothes for the manufacture of lanterns. 



('89). PETRI, R. J. Nachtrag zu "Ueber den Gehalt 

 der Nahrgelatine an Salpetersaure." Cen- 

 tralb. f. Bakt., v Bd., 1889, pp. 679-680. 



('90). KUEHNE, W. Kieselsaure als Nahrboden ftir 

 Organismen. Zeitsohr. f. Biol. Neue Folge, 

 Bd. ix, Der ganzen Reihe, Bd. xxvn, 1890, 

 pp. 172-179- 



('90). TISCHUTKIN, N. Eine vereinfachte Methode 

 der Bereitung von Fleisch-Pepton-Agar. 

 Wratsch., 1890, No. 8, pp. 177-178. Reviewed 

 in Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. ix, p. 208, 1891. 



The crude agar-agar is first exposed for 15 minutes in 

 acetic-acid water (5 glacial acid, 100 water). 



('91). SCHULTZ, N. K. Zur Frage von der Bereitung 

 einiger Nahrsubstrate. Centralb. f. Bakt., 

 x Bd., 1891, pp. 52-64. 



('91). SLESKIN, P. Die Kieselsaure Gallerte als 

 Nahrsubstrat. Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. x, 

 1891, pp. 209-213. 



('91). MARPMANN. Mittheilungen aus der Praxis, 

 i. Ersatz fur Agar ; 2, Ersatz fur Gelatine. 

 Centralb. f. Bakt, x Bd., 1891, pp. 122-124. 



('92). PETRI, R., UND MAASZEN, ALBERT. Ueber die 

 Bereitung von Nahrbouillon fur bakteriolo- 

 gische Zwecke. Arbeiten aus d. kaiserl. 

 Gesundheitsamte, Bd. vm. No. 2, 1892, pp. 

 3H-3I4. 



('92). LOEW, O. Ueber einen Bacillus, welcher 

 Ameisensaure und Formaldehyd assimiliren 

 kann. Centralb. f. Bakt., xn Bd., 1892, pp. 

 462-465. 



('92). DE LAGERHEIM, G. Macaroni als fester Nahr- 

 boden. Centralb. f. Bakt., xi Bd., 1892, pp. 

 147-148. 



Author states that cultures of chromogeuic bacteria on 

 macaroni stand out from the background very distinctly 

 and are very instructive. The whitest macaroni should 

 be selected. It is cut into pieces 4.5 cm. long. These are 

 put into test tubes and covered i cm. overwith water and 

 cooked for 15 minutes. The water is then carefully poured 

 off and the media sterilized in streaming steam in the 

 usual way. 



('92). SEILER, F. Influence de la composition de la 

 gelatine nutritive stir le developpement des 

 colonies microbiennes. Schweizerische 

 Wochenschr. f. Chemie u. Pharm., 1892, 

 pp. 261-263. 



('92). SCHUTZ, J. Q. A rapid method of making 

 nutrient agar. Bull. Johns Hopkins Hos- 

 pital, vol. in, July-August, 1892, p. 92. 

 A useful and easy method. 



('93). USCHINSKY. Ueber eine eiweissfreie Nahr- 



losu-ng fiir pathogcne Baikterien, nebst 



einigen Bemerkungen iiher Tetanusgift. 



Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xiv, 1893, No. 10, pp. 



316-319- 

 ('93). NASTIUKOFF. Ueber Nahrboden aus Eigelb 



fiir Bakterienkulturen. Wratsch., 1893, No. 



33 and 34. Rev. in Centralb. f. Bakt., xvn 



Bd., 1895, pp. 492-493- 

 ('93). HESSE, W. Ueber den Einfluss der Alkalescenz 



ilrs Nahrbodens auf das Wachsthum der 



l',.ikterien. Zeitschr. f. Hygiene, Bd. xv. 



1893, pp. 183-191. 3 pla.u-. 

 ('94). FRAENKEL, C. Beitrage zur Kenratniss des 



I lakterienwachsthums auf eiweissfreien 



Niihrlosungen. Hyg. Rundschau, Jahrg. iv. 



1804, pp. 769-776. 



