INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS DURING THE YEAR 1874. C xxv 



antiquity, has returned from his second expedition to Meso- 

 potamia. He read before the Society of Biblical Archaeology 

 on the 7th of July an account of his last researches in the 

 mounds of Kouyunjik. 



Mr. Francois Lenormant has published " Les Premieres 

 Civilizations," based on his own and other researches amonGf 

 the monuments as deciphered by the latest investigators. 



The Society of Biblical Archaeology has published three 

 volumes of ancient texts. 



During the year Mr. Schlagintweit Sakulunski has made 

 investigations bearing on prehistoric commerce. It has long 

 been known that jade and some other minerals of which the 

 axes, chisels, scrapers, etc., of the lake and cave periods were 

 made do not exist in sufficient quantity and purity in Eu- 

 rope to justify the opinion that these implements were manu- 

 factured by the men who used them, and with whose bones 

 they lie buried. M. Schlagintweit has discovered in the ' 

 Caucasus and in Northern Armenia, near the great highways 

 of trade from the earliest times, abundant deposits of jade, 

 etc., a fact which goes to confirm the opinion that in pre- 

 historic time caravan or other commerce existed between 

 Western Europe and Asia. 



The archaeological survey of India, under General Cun- 

 ningham and his corps of able assistants, progresses rapidly. 

 Mr. Grant Duff, alluding to the work, quotes the general's 

 division of the Remains as follows: 



Hindoo Style. 



1. Archaic, from B.C. 1000-250. 



2. Indo-Grecian, from B.C. 250-57. 



3. Indo-Scythian,from B.C. 57-A.D. 319. 



4. Indo-Sassanian, from A.D. 319-700. 



5. Mediaeval Brahmanic, from A.D. 700-1200. 



6. Modern Brahmanic, from A.D. 1200-1750. 



Mohammedan Style. 



1. Ghori-Pathan, with overlapping arches, A.D. 1191-1289 



2. Khilji-Pathan, with horseshoe arches, A.D. 1289-1321. 



3. Tughlak-Pathan, with sloping walls, A.D. 1321-1450. 



4. Afghan, with perpendicular walls, A.D. 1450-1555. 



5. Bengali-Pathan, A.D. 1200-1500. 



6* 



