INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS DURING THE YEAR 1874. cxlvil 



11 ute size, as in an allied worm (Ichthgonema) studied by 

 him; though he adds that, like Asearis nigronenosa, the 

 Guinea- worm may be asexual, and related to another free- 

 liviner, sexual generation of worms. 



The dog is sometimes infested in China and Japan by a 

 long, slender worm allied to the Guinea-worm, and described 

 by Dr. Leidy under the name of Fllaria immitis. In two 

 eases lately reported in English journals the dogs died "after 

 three days of great suffering," and it was found on examina- 

 tion that the ventricles and auricles of the heart were com- 

 pletely blocked up by the presence of a large number of 

 these worms. 



Little has been known of those singular creatures called 

 "hair-worms" beyond the fact that in their early tadpole- 

 like stage they somehow get into the bodies of various kinds 

 of insects, notably grasshoppers, within whose bodies they 

 are found coiled up. M. Villot has published the first part 

 of a monograph on the hair-worms. They are oviparous, 

 laying numerous minute eggs agglutinated by an albumi- 

 nous substance, and forming long white strings. The young 

 are parasitic, and pass through a number of metamorphoses, 

 and at different stages live in different animals, as, for example, 

 in one stage encysted in the aquatic larvae of flies, and after- 

 ward again in the mucous layer of the intestines of fishes. 



For twenty years a singular parasite of the oyster has 

 been known in Europe under the name of Bucephalus ILd- 

 meanus. A similar species has been found in the oyster at 

 Charleston, South Carolina, by Professor Macrody. The spo- 

 rocysts and cercaria-like young of the European worm have 

 long been known, but M. Giard has found that these young 

 are encysted in the Bclone vulgaris, a fish found on the 

 French coast. He supposes that the encysted worm finally 

 passes into another fish (Gasterostomum), which serves as 

 food for the former larger fish. 



A very interesting and popular article on parasitic worms, 

 by Professor P. J. van Beneden, appears in La Revue Scie?i- 

 tifique. A paper of value on the Turbellaria is published by 

 Dr. Graff. 



A singular worm-like being (Peripatus), referred by most 

 observers to a separate order of worms, has been studied 

 alive, and in its early stages, by Mr. Moseley, of the Challenger 



