464 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



Pflucker y Rico, has been appointed to collect samples, in 

 triplicate, of the principal minerals and coal deposits which 

 may be discovered, or are known to exist, in the region re- 

 ferred to, at a distance of not more than thirty miles from the 

 railways which are to traverse it, and which from their char- 

 acter and condition promise profitable working. 



Catalogues, drawings, and collections, as well as descrip- 

 tions of the railways, are to be sent to the minister of Pern 

 in France, to be printed in pamphlet form in English, French, 

 and German, while the collections of minerals are to be placed 

 on exhibition in London, Paris, and Berlin. The minister of 

 the republic in France is authorized to grant free passage to 

 and from Peru, in the steamers of the Pacific Steam Naviga- 

 tion Company, to miners of established reputation who ex- 

 press the intention of examining the mineral deposits of the 

 republic, and to the representatives of companies formed with 

 a minimum capital of one million pounds sterling for the pur- 

 pose of working the mines of Peru, and with that object de- 

 siring to visit the scene of their proposed labor. Panama 

 Star and Herald, February 5, 1874. 



ARRANGEMENT OF THE NEW HARBOR OF TRIESTE. 



According to the plans of the imperial chief engineer, Josef 

 von Mauser, the usual pile-work for securing vessels in har- 

 bors is replaced by a system of chains about 2.36 inches 

 thick, forming a net-work over the bottom, to which are at- 

 tached buoys carrying rings to which vessels may be fasten- 

 ed. The ends of the chains at the shores and piers are se- 

 cured by being drawn through cast-iron tubes and held by 

 rings, while the outer ends are anchored by masses of about 

 7400 pounds' weight. Three basins supplied in this way are 

 calculated to accommodate ninety ships of the first class. 

 The advantages claimed for the plan are that vessels are 

 much less liable to injury in stormy weather, and that the 

 buoys take up much less room, and are not liable to injury 

 from the vessels. Shore fastenings are formed in a similar 

 way by drawing a chain through cast-iron tubes, and secur- 

 ing each end by a ring, to which vessels can be attached; 

 great economy of room being thus secured, and possibility of 

 nearer approach of tracks for cars. The cost is not much 

 greater than that of pile-work, while the method is adaptable 



