502 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



its action, it imparts to the goods, without any harshness in 

 feeling, a finer finish than any other method. With all this 

 advantage, it consumes a minimum of fuel, demands little 

 room, does not require a special boiler, and is exceedingly 

 simple. In the operation, steam is passed from a boiler un- 

 der a pressure of three to six atmospheres, and is superheated, 

 without increasing its pressure, by passing through heated 

 tubes. It finally issues in a number of small jets, uniformly 

 distributed along a tube, so near to each other that a sheet 

 of dry steam, as it were, is formed, which, with the air drawn 

 along and heated by it, impinges, by a simple, suitable con- 

 struction of the box surrounding the jets, upon the cloth 

 moved in front of it. The distance of the cloth from the 

 jets is adjustable for different fabrics, and plans are also 

 given for arranging several sheets of steam to play on the 

 cloth in succession, or on both sides at the same time. The 

 pressure, amounts of steam and air, temperature, etc., can be 

 regulated to suit different cases. The steam, issuing under 

 pressure, seems to act in part by penetrating the material. 

 14C y ,CCIX., 173. 



COCHINEAL RED OX AVOOL. 



Boil the wool for an hour in a bath prepared in a copper 

 (or better, a tin) vessel, with soft water, with the addition 

 of half a pound of oxalic acid, half a pound of tin salt, and 

 one pound of cochineal, for ten pounds of stuff. The bath 

 may be repeatedly used, after clearing it, and the proportions 

 given may be varied, when an economical effect of the cochi- 

 neal will be apparent. It is suggested by Geyer that the 

 addition of yellow would render the color more fiery, with- 

 out adding practically to the cost. 26 C, 1874, i., 2. 



BEAUTIFUL WHITE FOE WOOL. 



According to the Deutsche Wollen- Geicerbe Organ, a beau- 

 tiful white may be imparted to wool by working it about an 

 hour in a bath, at 122, composed, for 50 pounds of wool, of 

 alum, 2 pounds; tartar, of a pound; sulphuric acid, 1 pound; 

 soluble indigo, 3 ounces; archil, 1-| ounces (or iodine violet, 

 soluble in water, 28 grains), and afterward allowing it to lie 

 for about two hours in a solution of 1 pound of chloride of 

 barium in water at 122. There is also a gain in weight of 



