562 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



failure of the numerous devices to remedy this, he considers, 

 has been the want of proper attention to the construction of 

 the sole, and the fastening of it directly to the upper, when 

 rubber was employed, thus checking the transpiration of the 

 moisture of the sole of the foot, and rendering it cold in win- 

 ter and uncomfortable in summer. Regarding rubber as the 

 most suitable material, he claims to have avoided the defects 

 of all previous plans for using it by fastening a gum sole on 

 to a very thin, not too strongly arched, shoe sole, by means 

 of a peculiar cement, and drying it for an hour. Specimens 

 were exhibited at the Vienna Exposition. 9 C\ December^ 

 1873,180. 



CONTAMINATION OF CRUSHED SUGAR BY LEAD. 



Cases of poisoning are said to have been caused by parti- 

 cles of lead accompanying the finer portions of sugar which 

 has been broken on a lead block, and which are usually mixed 

 with crushed sugar, or are employed in the manufacture of 

 preserves. The Saxon government has prohibited the use of 

 lead in this connection. 8 C, December 25, 1873, 436. 



NON-POISONOUS CHARACTER OF PURE CORALLINE. 



Shortly after the discovery of coralline, one of the new ani- 

 line dyes, attention was called to certain cases of poisoning 

 resulting from wearing stockings and other garments which 

 had been colored by it, and a strong prejudice arose against 

 its use. This led to various investigations to determine the 

 facts in the case, and, among others, one by Professor Tabou- 

 rin, of the Veterinary School of Lyons, whose report is pub- 

 lished in The Annals of the Agricultural Society of that city. 

 In this he comes to the conclusion that pure coralline, as usu- 

 ally furnished in commerce, is a substance entirely harmless, 

 and that its employment in dyeing and painting may be con- 

 tinued with perfect safety, provided that it be fixed upon 

 textile fibre and upon tissues by the aid of substances desti- 

 tute of poisonous properties. Annals Soc. Agric.,Hist. Nat., 

 etc., Lyons, 1873, III., 254. 



FILTER FOR REMOVING ORGANIC IMPURITIES FROM WATER. 



A very efficient and serviceable arrangement for removing 

 organic and other impurities from drinking water is that de- 



