F. GEOGRAPHY. 263 



been previously employed in the undertaking. Mr. Howell 

 has assisted Professor Powell in the geological work. 



During the season extensive regions of volcanic rocks on 

 either side of the Sevier, and on the eastern side of the Wa- 

 satch and Aquarius plateaus, have been surveyed, with in- 

 teresting results. The great system of monoclinal faults and 

 folds extending in a northerly and southerly direction across 

 the Grand Canon of the Colorado, and north into the region 

 of this summer's work, which had been previously discovered, 

 has been more thoroughly studied, and other groups of dis- 

 placements, ha\ing a more easterly and westerly trend, have 

 been found and carefully examined. 



Ir? addition to the geographical and geological work, much 

 lias been clone in ethnography, especially among the U-in-tats 

 and Seu-ra-rits, and large collections illustrating the state of 

 arts among them have been made. Much additional matter 

 in relation to their language, mythology, customs, and habits 

 has been obtained. An interesting series of facts concerning 

 their method of giving names to tribes and confederacies has 

 been found. It seems that each tribe or primary organiza- 

 tion of Indians, rarely including more than two hundred souls, 

 is, in obedience to the tradition laws of these people, attach- 

 ed to some well-defined territory or district, and the tribe 

 takes the name of such district. Thus the U-in-tats, known 

 to white men as a branch of the Utes, belonged to the Uintah 

 Valley. U-imp is the name for pine ; too-meap, for land or 

 country ; U-im-too-meap, pine land ; but this has been con- 

 tracted into V-in-tah, and the tribe inhabiting the valley 

 are called U-in-tats. 



The origin of the term Ute is as follows : TJ is the term 

 signifying arrow ; TJ-too-meap, arrow land. The region of 

 country bordering on Utah Lake is called TT-too-meap be- 

 cause of the great number of reeds growing there, from which 

 their arrow-shafts were made. The tribe formerly inhabit- 

 ing Utah Valley was called U-tah-ats, which has been cor- 

 rupted into the name Ute by the white people of the coun- 

 try ; the name U-tah-ats belonged only to a small tribe liv- 

 ing in the vicinity of the lake, but it has been extended so as 

 to include the greater part of the Indians of Utah and Colo- 

 rado. 



For offensive and defensive purposes it often happens that 



