September, 1922.] 



The Canadian Field-Naturalist 



111 



in a quiet wood on the west bank. The first time 

 I saw it the plants were all in bud, and, not knowing 

 what it was, I dug one up and took it home. When 

 the buds opened I felt sorry for the plant, whose 

 chance to grow on year after year I had destroyed. 

 Another curious plant that I used to find in dark 

 pine woods is the Indian Pipe. Its stem is white 

 and is covered with waxy scales. It has a single 

 flower with a gray, smoky-looking centre, and the 

 plant turns black soon after it is gathered. 



All summer long the pageant of flowers passes by, 

 and every year there are more wonderful things to 

 be discovered new plants, new birds, fossils, 

 mushrooms and insects. Then when at last the 

 cold winds sweep up the Valley and all is grey and 

 blighted except for the flash of Bittersweet berries, 

 the rambler has happy memories of summer days 

 to warm the cold months when the living things are 

 asleep under snow. 



NOTES ON POST-GLACIAL TERRACES ON THE EASTERN AND WESTERN 

 SHORES OF THE GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE* 



By E. M. Kindle. 



THE principal sources of information concerning 

 the Pleistocene beaches of Newfoundland are 

 the papers of Murray, Daly and Fairchild. 

 Murray^ records the occurrence of elevated marine 

 shells at three localities, the maximum elevation 

 being 60 feet. The observations of Daly"' relate 

 to localities on both the eastern and western coasts 

 of the island. Fairchild^ has dealt with the whole 

 subject of Post-glacial uplift in northeastern 

 America and published a map showing by isobasic 

 lines the inferred extent of Post-glacial continental 

 uplift east of Hudson Bay and the upper Mississippi 

 River valley, including emergence of the shoreline 

 around the Gulf of St. Lawrence. This paper 

 includes a letter from Tyrrell on the subject of 

 Newfoundland Pleistocene shorelines. 



Bell, Chalmers and Goldthwaif* have contributed 

 many details concerning the marine terraces about 

 the shores of the Gaspe peninsula. Recent publi- 

 cations by TwenhofeP and Coleman*' have contri- 

 buted in a comprehensive way to our knowledge of 

 the terraces on Anticosti Island and the southern 

 shores of the Gaspe Peninsula. 



During the summer of 1921 the writer made a 

 short excursion inland from the Bay of Seven 

 Islands, which is located west of Anticosti Island, 

 and visited the estuary of the Humber river in 

 western Newfoundland. The observations on Pleis- 

 tocene geology made during the visits to these two 

 localities on opposite sides of the Gulf will be 

 recorded in this paper. 



Published with the permission of the Director, Geological 

 Survey, Ottawa, Ont. 



iProc. and Trans. Roy Soc. Can., Vol. I, pp. 58-76, 1883. 



2Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Univ., Vol. 38, Geol. Ser. 

 No. 5, 1902; Amer. Jour. Sci., Vol. I, Ser. 5, pp. 381-391, 

 1921. 



3Bull. Geol. Soe. Amer., Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 187-234, 1918. 



n2th Int. Cong. Geol., Guide Book No. 1, pt. I, pp. 81, 

 120. 



sAmer. Jour. Sci., Vol. I, Ser. 5, 1921. 



Can. Geol. Surv. BuU. No. 34, 1922, p. 14. 



Through the courtesy of Mr. J. B. Tyrrell, F.G.S., 

 observations made by him at Bay St. George and 

 other points on the Newfoundland coast will be 

 incorporated in the following notes. 



Geological excursions which were made by the 

 writer during a brief stay in the village of Curling 

 near the western coast of Newfoundland resulted 

 in finding marine fos.sils in an elevated Pleistocene 

 sea beach near this point. The bearing of informa- 

 tion of this character on the general problem of 

 differential uplift appears to furnish an adequate 

 reason for recording even isolated observations 

 like the present ones. 



Curling is located a few miles above the Bay of 

 Islands on the steeply sloping south shore of the 

 Humber River which here occupies a deep fiord 

 valley called Humber Arm. Conditions have never 

 been favourable for the development of striking or 

 typical terraces at Curling. But a small apron-like 

 terrace of gravel composed of slate fragments, is 

 cut through by the railway about one mile west of 

 the town. A thickness of eight or ten feet of this 

 material is exposed in the cut. Along the sides 

 of this cutting north of the highway crossing 

 Mytelus edulus was found in the gravel. Several 

 . specimens of this shell were found but no other 

 species was met with. The surface of this deposit 

 is about 50 feet above the Curling railway station 

 by aneroid. The elevation of the roadbed at the 

 station is 79 feet above high tide mark according to 

 the Engineering Department of the Reid New- 

 foundland Railway. The gravels with M. edulus 

 are therefore about 129 feet A.T. No indications 

 of a greater Pleistocene submergence than this were 

 observed, but the absence of terraces at higher 

 levels cannot be regarded as evidence against a 

 somewhat greater maximum submergence.^ 



'Note. Daly gives 160' for the highest shoreline at 

 Curling; Amer. Jour. Sci., Vol. I, pp. 385-386, 1921. 



