DIPTERA HELOMYZID^E. 41 



Family ANTHOMYIDAE. 

 Hylemyia lipsia Walker. 



WALKER, List of Dipt. Ins. in Brit. Mus., iv, 1849, 928. ALDRICH, Cat. N. A. Dip., 

 1905, 552 (Illinois, eastern United States, and Canada). 



Taken twice in the cave an adult at "6" on the wall and a pupa 

 October 3, 1903, at " 17. " From the pupa an adult emerged December 3. 



Pegomyia affinis Stein. 



STEIN, Berl. Ent. Zeitsch., XLII, 239. ALDRICH, Cat. N. A. Dip., 1905, 558 (Pennsyl- 

 vania, Virginia, and Illinois). 



Taken within the cave twice. A single specimen at ' '3" and another 

 under a stone just within the cave April 15, 1904. April 28 six speci- 

 mens were taken at ' ' 17, " and nearby there were several others appar- 

 ently of the same species. 



This family is widely distributed in caves. Anthomyia is recorded 

 f rom Wyandotte (Cope, 1872, 161; Collett, 1873, 80), Mammoth (Tell- 

 kampf, 18446, 382; Packard, 1871, 745; Cope, 1872, 161; Hubbard, 1880, 

 37), Fountain Cave, Virginia (Packard, 1888, 80), Donaldson's Cave 

 (Collett, 1873, 80), and a cave near Orleans, Indiana (Packard, 1873, 

 93) . Some of these references probably should refer to Leria, however. 



Anthomyia mitis Meigin is recorded from "Adelsberger Hb'hlen" in 

 Europe (Hamann, 1896, 143). 



Family HELOMYZIDAE. 



Oecothea fenestralis Fallen. 



FALLEN, Heteromyzides, 5 (Helomyza) (Europe). MEIGEN, Syst. Beschr., vi, 56. 

 ALDRICH, Cat. N. A. Dip., 1905, 572 (Europe, Canada, and New York). 



Fairly abundant in the cave. At times it is found in some numbers 

 in different places. It has been most often seen from near the mouth 

 to "17," but has also been taken in remote parts of the cave. This 

 species stays in the more retired places, 

 such as small, low side-passages or 

 cracks in the wall where there is con- 

 siderable moisture. For this reason it 



_ i . FIG. 6. Larva of Oecothea fenestralis. X . 



is not so conspicuous as Lena latens 



and Leria defessa, the other two abundant species of this family, but 

 with the exception of these two it is the most abundant Helomyzid in 

 the cave. This species is even more sluggish in its movements than 

 others of this family. 



Its feeding habits were not observed. It increases in numbers in 

 summer and probably breeds abundantly then, although, as the following 

 observations show, it also breeds in winter. 



