ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITIES, ETC. 



73 



The better method for purifying hydrolyzable salts by crystallization is to make 

 the saturated solution at low temperatures, and then remove the water by an air- 

 pump or over sulphuric acid. It is well known that hydrolysis increases very rapidly 

 with rise in temperature. 



DISSOCIATION OF THE VARIOUS SALTS. 



The dissociation of the various salts can be best compared and studied by bring- 

 ing together the results for the different salts under comparable conditions. For 

 some of the salts it is impossible at present to give their true dissociations. This is 

 due to the fact that they underwent more or less hydrolysis, and the true value of 

 /i a for the unhydrolyzed salt was not obtained. In some other cases the dissocia- 

 tion may not have been complete, even in the most dilute solution investigated. In 

 such cases the true value of n^ would not have been reached. However, most of the 

 dissociations given are nearly correct. 



Dissociations of the Various Salts. 







25 



65 c 



i>=8 



*; = 1024 



t' = 8 



n = 1024 



v 



v = 1024 



LiCl 



LiBr 



LiN0 3 



Li 2 S0 4 



NaCl 



NaBr 



Nal 



NaN0 3 



NaC10 3 



NaC10 4 



Na 2 S0 4 



Na 2 HP0 4 



NaHNH 4 P0 4 . 

 Na 4 Fe(CN) 6 .. 



Na 2 B 4 7 



NaCHsCOO.. 



KC1 



KBr 



KI 



KN0 3 



KCIO3 



KC10 4 



K 2 C0 3 



K,HP0 4 



K 3 P0 4 



KNaS0 4 



K 2 Ni(S0 4 ) 2 ... 



KMn0 4 



K 2 Cr0 4 



K 2 Cr 2 7 



K 4 Fe(CN) 6 . . 

 KCH 3 COO.. 



KSCN 



NH 4 C1 



NH 4 Br 



N(C 2 H 5 ) 4 I... 

 HN 4 N0 3 .... 

 (NH 4 ) 2 S0 4 ... 

 NH 4 HS0 4 ... 



82.4 

 81.6 

 83.6 

 59.7 

 85.8 

 85.9 

 85.7 

 83.9 

 84.3 

 88.4 

 61.4 



62.6 

 49.6 



97.8 

 95.0 

 99.2 

 96.7 

 98.9 



83.2 

 88.5 

 85.8 

 86.4 

 81.2 

 81.3 



75.3 

 71.7 

 60.2 

 66.6 

 47.0 

 88.8 

 73.5 

 79.8 

 51.5 

 82.0 

 85.8 

 88.4 

 90.0 

 69.6 

 84.2 

 65.0 

 60.3 



97.9 



99.8 



100.0 



99.6 



93.6 



99.9 



100.0 



91.9 



92.7 



100.0 



100.0 



100.0 



98.2 



100.0 



97.5 



97.0 



97.1 

 95.7 

 97.7 

 96.3 

 99.1 



99.0 

 99.2 

 97.6 

 90.3 

 96.8 

 99.1 

 97.7 

 90.0 

 98.4 

 99.2 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 96.2 

 97.8 

 95.4 

 97.0 



72.3 

 69.5 

 59.3 

 63.7 

 45.5 

 87.5 

 70.0 

 79.6 

 50.9 

 81.3 

 83.0 

 86.1 

 87.7 

 71.6 

 82.2 

 63.9 

 51.9 



97.7 



97.8 



100.0 



99.7 



93.0 



99.8 



100.0 



91.5 



93.5 



100.0 



100.0 



100.0 



96.3 



100.0 



97.2 



97.1 



' 97\3' 

 99.0 

 96.9 

 89. 

 95. 

 98. 

 98.0 

 91.2 

 98.3 

 98.4 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 97.6 

 97.5 

 95.2 

 97.4 



79.6 

 78.8 

 79.7 

 56.3 

 80.7 

 81.1 

 80.1 

 80.4 

 77.7 



98.9 



58.5 



46.9 



80.1 

 83.3 



82.7 

 82.5 

 81.0 

 76.8 



100.0 



98.7 



97.5 



98.2 



100.0 



100.0 



100.0 



98.5 

 100.0 



97.8 



62.2 



.7 

 5 



.7 



58.7 

 58.6 

 42.4 

 85.5 



100.0 

 99.6 

 98.7 



100.0 

 99.5 

 96.7 

 95.7 



98.5 

 90.0 

 88.5 

 95.4 



78.6 

 47.1 



80.4 

 81.8 

 82.5 



81.2 

 35*5 



96.6 



100.0 

 100.0 



99.1 

 93^0 



