1902] ' Ells Makl Deposits. 61 



calcareous matter. When calcined, marl yields a nearly pure and 

 very white lime, well adapted for mortar and for other uses. In 

 many parts ot Vermont larg-e quantities of lime are thus manu- 

 factured. The marl is moulded in ihe shape of bricks which are 

 dried and burned in a kiln." 



''When pure, marl may be used as a substitute for prepared 

 chalk or whiting in cleaning metals and for similar purposes. In 

 Uses of marl many parts of the country it is commonly employed by 

 the people for whitewashing their buildings. It has also been 

 used for the production of carbonic acid gas in the manufacture 

 of soda-water and other aerated waters in place of the pulverized 

 chalk or marble dust which is generally employed." 



Marl deposits are numerous in many of the lake bottoms 

 throughout the province of Ontario. They are also found at 

 Distribution various points in the province of Quebec, though, as a 

 rule, such deposits are not so large as in the former provincet 

 Further east in New Brunswick this material also occurs at 

 several points around the Bay des Chaleurs, jiand also near the 

 city of St. John, but the occurences are still less abundant than 

 in Quebec, while in Noya Scotia shell-marl, in so far as at present 

 known is comparatively rare. It may, however, be remarked in 

 connection with the maritime provinces that many lakes which 

 should naturally contain marl are supplied with extensive deposits 

 of infusorial earth, this material being very abundant in the lakes 

 which are scattered throughout the Cobequid mountain range in 

 Nova Scotia, and also in the eastern portion of the province in- 

 cluding the island of Cape Breton. In New Brunswick, also, large 

 and valuable deposits of infusorial earth have long been known to 

 occur in the southern and east portions of the province. This 

 material has recently come into considerable demand and several 

 large lake-deposits have been quite extensively worked, the out- 

 put being principally shipjjed to points in the United States. 



The successful manufacture of Portland cement, which in 

 Ontario is destined apparently to utilize many of the large deposits 

 ^"'Jmenf *^^ fresh-water marl found in the province, depends upon 

 the proper admixture of the marl with certain proportion of clay. 

 These materials after mixing thoroughly are burned, and the re- 

 sulting compound very finely ground, the success of the operation 



