354 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



attack of this grape-leaf gall-louse than others; and an im- 

 portant application, according to Mr. Riley, may be made of 

 this fact in regard to the selection of the proper kinds. The 

 European vine, as is well known, thrives admirably in Cal- 

 ifornia, where it is cultivated on a large scale ; but Mr. Riley 

 thinks this is due to its having escaped a visit from the in- 

 sect, and not from any natural immunity, and that, unless 

 great care is taken, it will sooner or later find its way there. 



In a second article in the Mural New Yorker upon this in- 

 sect, Mr. Riley sums up its history by stating that we have 

 had in this country from time immemorial an aphis-like insect 

 attacking our native vines, either forming galls on the leaves, 

 or gall-like excrescences on the roots. This insect is poly- 

 morphic, as many others of its family are known to be. It 

 also exists in two types : the one, which may be termed ra- 

 didcola, living on the roots ; while the other, which may be 

 termed gallcecola, dwells in galls on the leaves. The latter 

 is found more especially on the Clinton and its allies, while 

 the former is found on all varieties, but flourishes best on 

 vines belonging to the vinifera species. The gall-inhabiting 

 type was noticed and imperfectly described in 1856 ; but the 

 root-inhabiting type, being less conspicuous, was unknown in 

 this country till last year. 



Such an insect is very readily transported from one coun- 

 try to another on grape-roots, seedlings, etc. ; and just as our 

 apple-root louse (Eriosoma lanigera) was imported into Eu- 

 rope toward the close of the last century, so we find that our 

 grape-louse was similarly imported, in all probability, within 

 the last decade. In conclusion, he remarks that there is no 

 occasion for unnecessary alarm, and that the knowledge of 

 the disease will surely in time bring to us the proper remedy. 

 The Phylloxera has always existed on our vines, and those 

 varieties which have always resisted its attacks will be likely 

 to do so in the future. The presence of a few such lice upon 

 a plant is a matter of comparatively little moment, as they 

 are injurious only when developed in an inordinate quantity. 

 Rural New Yorker ', October, 18 VI, 251. 



