L. TECHNOLOGY. 427 



This single experiment was, however, thought insufficient to 

 positively decide the value of such looms in factories. A re- 

 port received by the Association from a manufacturer in Ladz 

 (Russian Poland) agrees essentially with the above. It men- 

 tions, in addition, the poor workmanship says that not a 

 single part is well made and doubts also whether the power 

 of one man would ever be sufficient to move the loom con- 

 tinuously at the intended rate of 150 to 180 shots per min- 

 ute. 5 C, 1871,74. 



APPARATUS FOR DRYING W'OOLENS. 



Experience has proved that, in drying wool and woolen 

 fabrics, the proper regulation of the temperature is quite es- 

 sential. To insure the greatest speed in drying without in- 

 jury to the fibre, the temperature must not exceed 86 to 

 97 Fahrenheit, while the air charged with moisture must be 

 promptly removed by suitable ventilation. With these prin- 

 ciples in view, Havrez, of Verviers, constructed a drying ap- 

 paratus which is said to be especially serviceable in drying 

 establishments. It consists essentially of two chambers, with 

 double bottoms, between which steam pipes are arranged. 

 One of the chambers contains fresh goods, while in the other 

 are such as have been already acted upon or partially dried. 

 The steam, under proper regulation of its temperature, is then 

 let on, and it passes from the chamber with the fresh goods 

 to the other. The drying air, however, is at the same time 

 driven in the opposite direction by the ventilator; it enters 

 the chamber with the half-dried charge, and escapes through 

 the chimney with the moisture it has taken up in the latter 

 part of its course over the fresh goods. A change in the po- 

 sition of the valves reverses the current of steam, as well as 

 that of air, when it becomes necessary, by refilling the cham- 

 ber. 13 C\ 1871, v., 330. 



ADULTERATION OF ANILINE WITH COAL. 



Dr. Reimann, of Berlin, has lately detected quite an ingen- 

 ious adulteration of brown aniline, this consisting in the ad- 

 dition of pieces of charcoal or of brown coal (lignite), which, 

 when thoroughly impregnated with the dye-stuff, are only 

 detected with great difficulty. When the aniline is treated 

 with hot alcohol and filtered, the coal, of course, remains on 



