514 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



ducted in the month of June, 1870, the temperature of the 

 water in the tank at the beginning of the experiment was 

 over 100 Fahrenheit, and in a short time was brought down 

 to 66 a difference of 34. 1 J?, 1870, 94. 



ICE FROM THE TOSSELLI MACHINE. 



Reference has already been made to the result of certain 

 experiments upon the comparative durability of natural and 

 artificial ice, resulting, somewhat to the surprise of most per- 

 sons, in favor of the latter. Monsieur Tosselli, of Paris, now 

 assures us that by his new method of congelation, in which 

 the ice is obtained in a condition of stratification, a large 

 block weighing about forty-five pounds, prepared in about 

 eighteen minutes, on the 30th day of June, was forwarded, 

 with very little care in packing, to Algiers, where it arrived 

 at noon on the 5th of July, and had only lost half of its weight 

 in that time a resistance to melting many times greater than 

 that of the ice from the Tellier machine, which had proved to 

 be the most desirable in previous experiments. 3 B, August 

 25,769. 



COST OF ARTIFICIAL ICE. 



In Dingler's Polytechnic Journal we find a careful compari- 

 son of the cost of the production of ice by means of the best- 

 known machines for manufacturing it now in use in Europe. 

 One of these that of Carre was found to be capable of pro- 

 ducing forty-eight hundred weight of ice in twelve hours, at 

 a cost of fourteen cents per hundred weight, while the ex- 

 pense of manufacturing the same quantity by the Windhau- 

 sen machine amounted to nearly eighteen cents, thus show- 

 ing a decided advantage in favor of the first-mentioned appa- 

 ratus. 14 C, January, 1871, 40. 



PHOSPHORUS MATCHES. 



In a critical inquiry by Dr. Jettel in regard to the econom- 

 ical value of the different kinds of matches which have been 

 proposed as substitutes for those containing phosphorus, so 

 injurious to the health of the workmen who manufacture them, 

 and dangerous to those who carelessly handle or swallow 

 them, he comes to the conclusion that the proposed substi- 

 tutes, as compared with phosphorus matches, are more difli- 



