G. GENERAL NATURAL HISTORY AND ZOOLOGY. 223 



the roots of the vine, on the leaves of which another form of 

 louse has, been observed considerably different in character. 

 It has lately been announced that the two insects are in real- 

 ity of the same species, and that the terrestrial form emerges 

 ultimately from the soil provided with wings, and is carried 

 by the wind upon the vine-leaves, where it deposits its eggs. 

 From these proceed numerous insects, which produce certain 

 excrescences in the leaves, resembling the gall-nut, and these 

 give birth to living young, which, in turn, repeat the opera- 

 tion for a number of generations, until the leaves begin to 

 fall toward the end of September. At this time the insects 

 descend to the roots and establish themselves there. An im- 

 portant hint is thus furnished to the agriculturist in regard 

 to getting rid of the new pest namely, to carefully collect 

 and destroy the vine-leaves containing any form of nut-gall 

 excrescences. The insect itself is believed to have been 

 brought to Europe from America, and to occur in this coun- 

 try abundantly, although referred to under a different name. 

 2 A, August 13, 105. 



NEW CATERPILLAR DISEASE. 



In a late paper by Dr. Cohn, of Breslau, upon a new disease 

 affecting certain caterpillars, during which the skin turns 

 black, a coal-black pigment appears in the blood, and the cat- 

 erpillar becomes a wrinkled and brittle mummy, he ascribes 

 the phenomenon to the development of a fungus which he 

 calls Tarichium, and which has a strong relationship to Em- 

 pusa. 12 A, Jan. 26, 243. 



NEW INVERTEBRATE FOSSILS. 



A recent number of the Proceedings of the Academy of 

 Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, contains a paper by Professor 

 Meek upon various new species of invertebrate fossils from 

 the carboniferous and Devonian rocks of Ohio, based upon spe- 

 cimens obtained during the Ohio Geological Survey under the 

 direction of Prof. J. S. Newberry. 2 Z>, 1871, 51. 



SUPPOSED NEW BRACHIOPOD. 



Professor King, in the Annals and Magazine of Natural 

 History, describes a supposed new genus of Terebratulge 

 which was dredged in very deep water on the Agulhas 



