350 Influence of Inanition on Metabolism. 



wide fluctuations in the amounts of urine voided, and therefore while the data 

 for the 2-day experiments are of distinct value it is upon the results for the 

 longer experiments that we must especially rely in discussing these ratios. 



In all the experiments continued 3 days and over, the ratios are much more 

 nearly constant. Thus, the lowest average ratio is 0.763 for the 4-day experi- 

 ment No. 69, while the highest is 1.294 in the 4-day experiment No. 77. 

 The individual days in these longer experiments exhibit differences ranging 

 from 0.643 on the first day of experiment No. 69 to 1.492 on the third day of 

 experiment No. 77. 



Considering the long experiments with the same subject, namely, Nos. 71, 

 73, 75, and 77, the ratios range for the averages of the experiments from 

 0.941 to 1.294. 



A close examination of the data shows that in general on those individual 

 days in which the amount of drinking-water is over 1000 grams, the ratios vary 

 from 0.659 to 1.592, and for those experiments in which the average amount 

 of water consumed per day was ever 1000 grams, the ratio varies from 0.846 

 to 1.294. Furthermore, when the amount of drinking-water on one day is 

 materially larger than that on the following day, the ratio on the second day 

 tends to increase. This is especially noticeable in the 2-day experiments. 



The results of these comparisons show, therefore, that the amount of water in 

 urine and consequently the volume of urine is largely dependent upon the 

 amount of water consumed. The generality of this rule is, however, strikingly 

 interfered with in certain instances, notably those in which the ratios are the 

 highest. Thus, on the first day of experiment No. 80, while there were but 

 132.80 grams of water consumed, the urine contained 1105.75 grains, and 

 on the first day of experiment No. 89, there were but 115.10 grams of water 

 consumed and the urine contained 599.55 grams of water. 



Even in those experiments in which the lowest ratios obtained, the quantities 

 of urine voided are not unusually small for fasting experiments. Thus on 

 the first day of experiment No. 82, when the ratio was but 0.628 there were 

 538.57 grams of water in the urine, although the subject had actually consumed 

 857.80 grams of water during the day. 



The anomalies noted in tins series of experiments almost invariably occur 

 on the first day, a striking contrast to the records of Luciani. According to 

 Luciani's table 1700 cc. of water were consumed on the 29th day of Succi's 

 fast in Florence, while the volume of urine was but 350 cc. The retention 

 of large amounts of water at the end of a fast has been frequently observed, 

 and on the 10th and 13th days of Succi's fast at Naples the amounts of water 

 consumed were 2025 and 2170 cc, accompanied by a urine excretion of but 

 410 and 480 cc, respectively. 



In general, then, during the earlier stages of a fast, with the exception of the 

 first day, the volume of urine is in large measure determined by the quantity 



