352 Influence of Inanition on Metabolism. 



1.025. The volume of urine during this period varied from 530 to 600 cc. 

 On the last day, however, the volume rose to 1030 cc., with a specific gravity 

 of 1.026. The urine of the fasting woman Flora Tosca (11), varied in specific 

 gravity from 1.0315 on the second fasting day to 1.023 on the last (15th) 

 fasting day. The decrease was gradual as the fast progressed. 



The specific gravities of the urine for the different days of the experiments 

 here reported are given in column / of table 193. The highest observed on 

 any day was that on the second day of experiment No. 89, i. e., 1.0338. The 

 lowest for any day was on the second day of experiment No. 73, 1.0032. In 

 the first case, the volume of urine was 522 cc, while in the second it was 2958 

 cc. On certain of the periods even lower specific gravities were observed than 

 that in experiment No. 73. Thus, on referring to table 94, it will be found 

 that the specific gravity of the urine for the period from 1 p. m. to 7 p. m., 

 January 30, was 1.0024. The volume of urine during this period was 888 cc. 

 The highest specific gravity, 1.0360, observed in any period was on the first 

 day of experiment No. 69. The amount of urine for this period was 63.1 

 grams. 



The urines of the subject S. A, B. are characterized by an exceedingly low 

 specific gravity occasioned by the large volume of urine incident to the con- 

 sumption of so large an amount of drinking-water. Aside from these exception- 

 ally low records all the specific gravities observed come well within what would 

 be termed normal limits. There is nothing like the constancy exhibited in the 

 fasts of Succi in any of the experiments save Nos. 71 and 75. 



total solids. 



The volume and specific gravity are of interest only because together they 

 afford a means of measuring the relative amounts of total solids in the urine, 

 which latter have not often been determined directly by investigators. Since 

 it seemed desirable to know more of the actual amount of these solids, especially 

 during fasting, direct determinations of them were made in the experiments 

 here reported. The determination of the total solids or water-free material 

 was made as a rule by drying the urine in a vacuum to constant weight. 

 Although there are unquestionably errors in this method, for purposes of 

 relative comparison between different days of a given experiment or between 

 different experiments, the data are of value. The largest amount of total solids 

 recorded in any experiment is that on the second day of experiment No. 82, 

 on which there were 54.93 grams 40 eliminated. The smallest amount recorded 



40 While the data given in column g of table 193 show that in experiment No. 59 

 there was an elimination on the third day of 57.70 grams, this is hardly to be 

 considered as an accurate statement of the actual weight of solids for this day, 

 since it was determined indirectly by calculation as described on p. 28. The same 

 is true of the results on the 2 days of experiment No. 68. However, the total solids 

 for the average both for experiment No. 59 and No. 68 were determined directly on 

 a total composite sample of urine for each experiment. 



