414 



Influence of Inanition on Metabolism. 



The method of determining chlorine in the urine has undergone no marked 

 modifications in a number of years past and hence the determinations made by 

 different observers may be compared with reasonable accuracy. 



While it has been the custom in many instances to report chlorine in terms 

 of sodium chloride, 94 for purposes of comparison the determinations in the 

 earlier fasts are here expressed in terms of chlorine. Only the first 10 days 

 of each of the three fasts by Succi are here given. 



Table 215. Amounts of chlorine eliminated in urine daily by fasting subjects. 



Day of fast. 



Succi. 



At 

 Flor- 

 ence. 



At 

 Naples. 



At 



Vienna. 



Cetti. 



Breit- 

 haupt. 



J. 1 



Sohn. 



Flora 

 Tosca. 



Last food day 



1 



2 



3 



4. 



5 



6 



7 



8 



9 



10 



Grams. 

 2 6 . 322 



1.350 



.539 



1.155 



.848 

 .817 

 .840 

 .800 

 .736 

 .550 

 .513 



Gramsfi 



7.45 



7.68 



4.72 



3.30 



.78 



.91 



.62 



.61 



.42 



.73 



.77 



Grams. 4 



9.029 

 3.212 

 1.551 

 1.479 

 1.182 

 1.291 

 1.109 

 1.115 

 1.212 

 .873 



Grams. 

 5.432 



1.606 



2.303 



1.7 



1.548 



1.396 



1.088 



.95 



.814 



1.104 



.62 



Grams. 



5.55 



3.92 



1.1 



.85 



.75 



.44 



.35 



Grama. 



624 

 011 

 49 

 01 



Grams. 4 

 7.472 

 4.143 

 2.341 

 2.402 



1-53.608 



1.513 

 1.466 

 1.997 



Grams. 



7.51 



2.99 



1.73 



3.66 



I 1.90 



\ .38 



.30 



.32 



1.15 



1.32 



1.07 



1 Reported by Sadovyen. 



2 Average of 6 days before fast began. 



s Reported as " chlorides," not converted 

 to chlorine. 



4 Given by the investigators as NaCl, but 

 con\erted to chlorine for purposes of com- 

 parison. 



6 Amount for 2 days. 



In the fast of Succi at Naples, the authors (6) express the chlorine as 

 " chlorides." The extremely small amounts of chlorine excreted after the 

 first four days of the fast, however, make it appear questionable whether the 

 determinations are not actually on a basis of chlorine rather than chlorides. 

 The results as given in the second column of table 215 are, however, tran- 

 scribed directly from the records of Ajello and Solaro. Obviously, if these 

 results are in terms of sodium chloride, the chlorine corresponding to these 

 amounts would be considerably less and the chlorine excretion much lower 

 than in any other experiment with which they are compared, save on the last 

 two days of the experiment with Breithaupt and the fifth, sixth, and seventh 

 days of the experiment with Flora Tosca. 



84 On the 3 single fasting days reported by Pettenkofer & Voit (Zeit. f. Biol. 

 (1866), 2, p. 479), the sodium chloride in the urine amounted to 14.6, 13.2, and 

 8.56 grams, respectively. The determinations of sodium chloride in these experi- 

 ments did not represent those during complete fasting since the subject consumed 

 a considerable amount of salt in connection with a small amount of meat extract. 

 Ranke (Archiv Anat. u. Physiol. (1862), p. 338) reports the sodium chloride excre- 

 tion in two 24-hour fasting experiments as 11.0 and 5.3 grams, respectively. 



