12 MOSQUITOES OF NORTH AMERICA 



spermatheca, the very long legs, the absence of scales on the abdomen, the adap- 

 tation of the larva to life at the surface of the water, and the character of the 

 eggs. The Culicinse were characterized by the short palpi of the female, the 

 presence of three spermathecas, the stout legs, the scaled abdomen, the larvns 

 provided with respiratory tube and living below the surface of the water, and 

 the eggs placed vertically in a boat-shaped mass. 



In the same year Theobald, commissioned to study the collections of the 

 British Museum, divided the Culicidae into five subfamilies, Anophelina, Megar- 

 hinina, Culicina, Aedeomyina, and Corethrina, thus raising the genera that had 

 been previously established on characters of palpi and proboscis into subfamilies 

 (Journ. Tropical Medicine, v. 4, pp. 229-235). In this paper he proposed the 

 following new genera, without, however, associating any species with them: 

 Cycloleppteron, Toxorhynchites, Stegomyia, PanopUtes, Deinocerites, Brachio- 

 soma, Aedeomyia, Wyeomyia, Trichoprosopon. 



In 1901 appeared the first volume of Theobald's monograph of the mosquitoes 

 of the world, based upon extensive collections brought together through the 

 agency of the British Museum. In this work Theobald elaborated his classifica- 

 tion; he included the characters previously used, extended the use of venation 

 and scaling introduced by Arribalzaga; but he also employed the presence or 

 absence and shape of the scales on different parts of the body and wings. A new 

 character, the presence of setas on the postnotum was here first introduced by 

 him. Upon the presence of these setae on the postnotum, and a few scales in 

 addition, be founded the subfamily Trichoprosoponina. He proposed the new 

 genera Mucidus, Eretmapodites, and Armigeres, to which he added, in a second 

 volume, Brachiomyia and Limatus in the same year. Several of Theobald's 

 names proved to be preoccupied, and substitutes were promptly proposed by R. 

 Blanchard. 



In 1902, Neveu-Lemaire proposed a classification based on the number of 

 joints in the palpi, similar to that of Arribalzaga, but with more detail. He 

 proposed the new genus Theohaldia, based on these characters. In this year 

 Theobald published a classification of the " Anophelina " in which the genera 

 Grassia, Howardia, Rossia, Cellia, and Stethomyia were created. All but two of 

 these names proved to be preoccupied and Blanchard again proposed substitutes. 



In 1903 the third volume of Theobald's monograph appeared. In this the 

 classification on scale characters was further elaborated and the number of 

 genera greatly increased. The old genus Anopheles is here divided into 10 

 genera, based entirely upon vestiture characters. He added 6 new genera to the 

 Culicina and 12 new genera to the Aedeomyina. He established a new sub- 

 family, Heptaphlebomyina, for a new genus and species from Africa. In 1905 

 Theobald published a review of the genera in the " Genera Insectorum " which 

 is in line with his previous work and brings the classification up to date. He 

 separated his subfamily Megarhinae into two subfamilies on the character of the 

 length of palpi of the female. Theobald's volume iv (1907) and volume v 

 (1910) of his monograph added many new genera and species, all based on 

 modifications of the characters already adopted by him. 



