Origin of Electric :ssues of Gymtiarchus .Stiotums. 



Tschermak and another by Beie go to show thai mc cicctric 

 Torpedo and other fishes is prcuced by different conccntnitiom fli 

 chloride in the electroplaxes an in the intcr%cning elect nc cooncrtnt 

 Since there is a long series, t^oretically. of these altmute 

 higher and lower degrees of corcntration of the electrolyte, and 

 higher concentrations are presmably equal, and all the Umtt 

 tions are equal, we would hve a series of equal potctifub 

 opposed to each other, and the -suit would be zero or cIk only tfcr 

 of one concentration current, n case there was one more or 

 either of the concentrations. 



To obviate this difficulty aicmbrane has been imagined, a* oa 

 of each electroplax, presumab' the electric or ner\-c<ending 

 terior surface in this case), Viich will \)c permeable only tool 

 the ions, either negative ions - positive ions, and by which lk 

 thus rendered integral in one irection. 



Two things remain to be pned in connection with IJ ..;. .1 

 the fact of difTerent concentraons and the pri-scnce o( Mfch a 

 This can be done in any fish i which it is p<js.sil)lc lo cg c cU td y 

 the segments in a fresh state so as to submit them lo dcfici 

 tests. In Gymnarchus we ha\ a fish whose elements are latfiri^tB 

 in any other one of the seveivlectric types large enough to Wcs^k 

 I believe, and analyzed sepaitely in the chemical Uborttary. i^ ^ 

 enough to submit anterior an< posterior surfaces to phymd M^ 

 show its permeability to eithf positive or negative iou nrf i^ 

 ability to the other kind in ne direction. This nrpnii^ 

 most certainly be done if thoroportion between thebdkef^ 

 nective tissue and electroplax emains the same in thej 

 (see fig. 23, plate 9). Fritsc shows much less of the 

 tissue segments in his figures f the adult organ. 



Numerous other anatomic] features of Gymnarckws ^^ . 

 be classed with the other monyrid fishes. This faa nu4o 

 to compare its electroplax ith the very different 

 fishes. 



That found in Mormyrus c yrhynchus will ser\-e as j - 

 plan has been well shown b: )gneff (25) and SchJi-- 

 evident that a number of < usecutive and entir 

 converted into electroplaxes id that the midd!' 

 is composed of unaltered anc' oarly striated r 

 number of these fibril bun 

 whole electroplax in Mori 

 the cells which would o^ ' 

 In this we find an 

 also formed from 

 the myotome ha 

 eight particr' 



iH 



f 



Iw 



. re 

 -ible 



rwo 



ag. 



from D 

 c tissue. 

 s cut at c 

 al spindle 

 .M, upper 

 indies; Bi 

 A Ni, electric 



lax in E region 



;w larger granv 



icath or wall of 



whole of II elect: 



spindles. Some re 



3 to show that the 



in electric connectiv 



andary segmentation 



