THE HYDROSTATIC PROBLEM FOR THE ATMOSPHERE. 



69 



The vertical segments of line determining the average virtual temperature of the standard sheets 

 are drawn, and the corresponding temperatures read off (column 6). The mutual distances between 

 the standard surfaces (column 7) and the heights of these surfaces (column 8) are determined. 

 In addition the virtual temperatures at the standard surfaces (column 9) may be read off from the 

 diagram, and the corresponding specific volume of the air determined (column 10). 

 Pressure- Height 



rrb-bars , 1 d)7i.metery 



10000 



300 



wo 



500 



600 



TOO 



1O0O 



-SO 



9000 



. = = = 8000 



=== eooo 



5000 



WOO 



5000 



2000 



"= 1000 



300 



-SO" -10" 



Temperature C. 

 Fig. 5. Virtual-temperature diagram, with logarithmic pressure-scale. 



Columns 11 to 19 give the solution of the inverse problem, the determination of the pressure 

 at a standard height. The dotted horizontal lines in the diagram represent the approximate situation 

 of the level surfaces, these lines being drawn according to the approximate pressures in the heights 

 given in column 14. Not to complicate the figure, the vertical segments giving the virtual temper- 

 atures in column 15 are not drawn. 



Columns 20 to 24 give the determination of the heights from which the observations in columns 

 1 to 4 are taken. The horizontal and vertical lines in the diagram required for this determination are 

 not given in fig. 5. It should be emphasized that the determination of these heights is independent 

 of the solution of the inverse problem (columns 11 to 19) and dependent only upon the knowledge 

 of the heights of the standard isobaric surfaces (column S). 



